ダウンの症候群の出産前スクリーニングは,四重テストによるものです
Nicholas J Wald1, Wayne J Huttly, Allan K Hackshaw
1Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London Queen Mary School of Medicine and Dentistry, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK. n.j.wald@qmul.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|March 19, 2003
まとめ
この四重検査は,妊娠第2四半期にダウン症候群を効果的に検出し,81%の検出率を提供します. この産前血清スクリーニングは,母親の年齢のみよりも優れているので,推奨される選択です.
科学分野:
- 医療スクリーニングです.
- 産前診断術 産前診断術
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- ダウン症候群の第2 trimesterスクリーニングは,一般的な世界的な慣行です.
- 既存のスクリーニング方法には,検出率と偽陽性率の違いがあります.
研究 の 目的:
- 第2 trimesterのダウン症候群スクリーニングの四重テストのパフォーマンスを評価するために.
- 母の年齢のみに対する四重テストの有効性を比較し,他の第2 trimesterスクリーニング方法と比較する.
主な方法:
- 14の病院で5年間にわたって46,193人の妊娠を対象とした大規模な前向きな研究です.
- 四重検査による産前血清スクリーニングを活用しました.
- 診断用アンニオセントーシスまたは陽性スクリーニング結果のための胞採取 (リスク > または = 300 分の 1) を提供します.
主要な成果:
- この四重テストは88人の妊娠中,ダウン症候群の検出率81% (95%CI 72-89) を達成した.
- 偽陽性率7%は,影響を受けない妊娠46,105件で観察されました.
- 発見率 (81%対51%) と偽陽性率 (7%対14%) が母親の年齢のみと比較して著しく高いことが示されました.
結論:
- 四重テストは,第2 trimesterのダウン症候群のスクリーニングのための非常に効果的な方法です.
- この検査は,母親の年齢の推定と,他の利用可能な第2 trimester のスクリーニングテストを上回ります.
- 四重検査は,2 trimesterのダウン症候群のスクリーニング方法として推奨されています.
関連する概念動画
Test Cross
Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Humans and other diploid organisms inherit two alleles of every gene, one from each parent.
Complementation Tests
A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
Test for Homogeneity
The goodness–of–fit test can be used to decide whether a population fits a given distribution, but it will not suffice to decide whether two populations follow the same unknown distribution. A different test, called the test for homogeneity, can be used to conclude whether two populations have the same distribution. To calculate the test statistic for a test for homogeneity, follow the same procedure as with the test of independence. The hypotheses for the test for homogeneity can be stated as...
Multiple Comparison Tests
Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test
The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...
Cochran's Q Test
Cochran's Q Test is a nonparametric statistical test used to determine if there are potential differences in the outcomes of three or more related groups on a binary (yes/no) or dichotomous outcome. It is essentially an extension of the McNemar Test, which is limited to two related samples - Cochran's Q test can handle three or more related samples, making it more versatile in scenarios where subjects are measured under multiple conditions. The test statistic follows a Chi-Square distribution,...


