小型GTP結合タンパク質Racは,血管内皮成長因子誘発の内皮フェネストレーションと血管の透過性の重要な媒介です
Anna Eriksson1, Renhai Cao, Joy Roy
1Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Circulation
|March 26, 2003
まとめ
血管内皮成長因子 (VEGF) は,Racの活性化によって血管の漏れを引き起こします. ラック・アンタゴニストは,この漏れを遮断し,血管の成長に最小限の影響を及ぼし,治療の可能性を示唆します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- 血管内皮成長因子 (VEGF) は,血管新生と血管透過性を誘発することが知られている.
- VEGFが誘発する血管透過性を制御する正確なシグナル伝達経路は,完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- VEGFが誘発する血管透過性の基礎となるシグナル伝達メカニズムを解明する.
- VEGFシグナル伝達における小さなGTP結合タンパク質Racの役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- マウス角膜マイクロポケットアッセイ,マイルスアッセイ,細胞化学,電子顕微鏡,生化学アッセイ.
- 細胞に浸透するRacアンタゴニスト (TAT-RacN17) を利用した.
- レセプターリン酸化と下流信号伝達経路を調査する内皮細胞培養の研究.
主要な成果:
- VEGFは,FGF-2とは異なり,フェネストラドエンドテリウムを持つ毛細血管を誘導し,透過性の増加と相関しています.
- ラック・アンタゴニスト (TAT-RacN17) は,VEGF誘発の血管漏れとフェネストレーション形成を抑制したが,血管新生を部分的にしか影響しなかった.
- VEGFシグナリングは,VEGFR-2のリン酸化によってRac,PLCgamma,Akt,eNOS,Erk1/2を活性化させ,PI3KはRacとAkt-eNOSの上流に作用する.
結論:
- 小さなGTP結合タンパク質であるRacは,VEGF誘発の血管浸透性を媒介する上で極めて重要であり,新血管化における役割は小さい.
- Racアンタゴニストは,VEGF媒介の血管漏れおよびエデマの治療または予防の可能性を示しています.
関連する概念動画
GTPases and their Regulation
7.9K
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒ small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
Large G-proteins,...
7.9K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
3.1K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
3.1K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
2.9K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.9K
Small GTPases - Ras and Rho
4.4K
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
4.4K
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins
8.9K
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
8.9K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.8K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.8K


