オルソデンティクルとフックバックの遺伝子は,トライボリウム (Tribolium) の甲虫のバイコイドの代用である
1Interfakultäres Institut für Zellbiologie, Universität Tübingen, Abt. Genetik der Tiere, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. reinhard.schroeder@uni-tuebingen.de
Nature
|April 11, 2003
まとめ
トリボリウム甲虫では,オルソデンチクル-1 (otd-1) が頭部発育に不可欠であり,果物ハエとは異なり,オルソデンチクル-1は頭部発育に不可欠である. ハンクバック (hb) との相互作用は,頭部,胸部,前腹部の形成に不可欠であり,古代のパターニングシステムを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- ドロソフィラのビコイドモルフォゲンは,オルトドンティクル (otd) やハンクバック (hb) のような標的遺伝子を調節することによって前部パターンを制御します.
- ビコイドの同類は高級ディプテラン以外には存在しないため,頭と胸の形成は他の昆虫ではよくわかっていない.
- 短芽帯の昆虫である小麦粉の甲虫Tribolium castaneumは,保存された前部パターニングメカニズムを研究するためのモデルを提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- トリボリウムカスタネウム前部パターニングにおける保存遺伝子のオルソデンチクル-1 (otd-1) とフックバック (hb) の機能を調査する.
- トリボリウムの頭部と胸部の発達においてotd-1とhbがドロソフィラのビコイドに類似した役割を果たすかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- トリボリウムotd-1メッセンジャーRNAの母性遺伝分析. トリボリウムotd-1メッセンジャーRNAの母性遺伝分析.
- トリボリウムotd-1およびhb遺伝子発現を減らすためのRNA干渉 (RNAi).
- ダブルRNAi実験を含むotd-1およびhbレベルが低下した胚のフェノタイプ分析.
主要な成果:
- トリボリウムotd-1メッセンジャーRNAは母性遺伝で,ドロソフィラとは異なる.
- RNAiによるTribolium otd-1の減少は,頭のない胚につながり,前面のパターニングにおけるその役割を確認します.
- トリボリウムhbは,ドロソフィラにおける役割に類似して,後部ギナタルと胸部セグメントを指定します.
- 結合されたotd-1/hb RNAiは,強いバイコイド変異体を模倣して,頭部,胸部,前腹部の発達に失敗する.
結論:
- オルソデンチクル-1 (otd-1) 遺伝子は,短芽帯の昆虫トリボリウムカスタネウム (Tribolium castaneum) の前部パターニングに不可欠である.
- 遺伝子otd-1とhbはトライボリウムで一緒に機能し,頭部と胸部を含む前部の身体領域を指定します.
- これらの発見は,otd-1とhbが昆虫全体に保存されている古代の前部パターニングシステムの構成要素であることを示唆しています.
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