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関連する概念動画

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the others.
pH Regulation in Cells01:28

pH Regulation in Cells

pH plays a critical role in maintaining normal cellular activities. It helps maintain the structure and function of various proteins, dictates the charge on cellular membranes, and is crucial for metabolic reactions inside the cell. Moreover, cells use the energy from the proton motive force to generate ATP.
Cytosolic pH
Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic pH is slightly more acidic than the extracellular pH. However, cells must prevent further acidification of their cytosol to...
Extraction: Effects of pH00:53

Extraction: Effects of pH

Consider a neutral form of an amine, B, with a partition coefficient, K, in a liquid mixture containing organic and aqueous phases. The pH of the aqueous phase affects the charge on acidic and basic solutes, and the charged form is usually more soluble in the aqueous phase. Suppose the conjugate acid form of the amine is soluble only in the aqueous phase while the base form is soluble in both phases. Then the distribution coefficient, D, can be given as the ratio of amine concentration in the...
Phosphate Buffer01:22

Phosphate Buffer

The phosphate buffer system is a critical biological mechanism for maintaining pH stability in the body. This system operates primarily through two components: sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), which acts as a weak acid, and sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), which serves as a weak base.
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate does not fully dissociate in neutral or acidic solutions. When a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is introduced into the solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

分割されたPHドメインの機能的再組み.

Kenji Sugimoto1, Yasuo Mori, Keisuke Makino

  • 1Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 24, 2003
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は,機能的に組み立て直す分割プレックストリンホモロジー (PH) ドメインを設計しました. この分裂PHドメインは,標的分子に結合し,機能回復とネイティブ分裂PHドメインの研究の可能性を示しています.

科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • タンパク質の構造と機能

背景:

  • プレックストリンホモロジー (PH) ドメインは,細胞シグナル伝達と細胞骨格組織に不可欠な保存されたタンパク質モジュールです.
  • 様々なシグナル伝達タンパク質に含まれる分裂PHドメインの機能と結合能力については,さらなる説明が必要である.

研究 の 目的:

  • コイルドコイルモジュールが,設計された分割プレックストリンホモロジー (PH) ドメインの機能的再組みを媒介できるかどうかを調査する.
  • 再組み立てられた分裂PHドメインがリガンド結合特異性を保持しているかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

  • よく特徴づけられたPHドメインを,フォスフォリファースCデルタからN-端末とC-端末の半分に分解する.
  • 再組み立てを容易にするため,各サブユニットにコイルドコイルモジュールを接続します.
  • 複合体の形成と結合親和性を評価するために,同熱タイトレーションマイクロカロリメトリーを使用します.
  • 再組み立てされた分裂PHドメインのイノシトールトリソルファート (IP(3) とL-IP(3) との結合をテストする.

主要な成果:

  • 同熱タイトルの微熱計は,コイル・コイル相互作用によって,分割されたPHドメインの半分間で熱力学的に安定した1:1複合体の形成を確認した.
  • 再組み立てられた分割PHドメインは,IPに特異な結合を示し,ネイティブPLCdeltaの選択性を反映した.

さらに関連する動画

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions
10:58

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

Published on: July 27, 2017

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions
10:58

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

Published on: July 27, 2017

  • 分割されたPHドメインはL-IPと結合しなかった ((3),さらに結合特異性が保存されていることを確認した.

    • 結論:

    • 分割されたPHドメインは,結合されたコイル・コイル・モジュールによって媒介される近接誘発再組みにより,機能的な構造に折り畳まれる.
    • この研究は,ネイティブに分割されたPHドメインの再組み立てと機能を理解するためのモデルを提供し,それらはユニークな役割を担う可能性があることを示唆しています.
    • この発見は,分裂したPHドメインの再組みが,生物学的活動とリンガンド結合特異性を回復させることができることを示唆しています.