Haemophilus influenzae type bに対する抗体は,通常の予防接種とキャッチアップワクチン接種後に行われる
C L Trotter1, J McVernon, N J Andrews
1Immunisation Division, Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Health Protection Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, NW9 5EQ, London, UK. caroline.trotter@hpa.org.uk <caroline.trotter@hpa.org.uk>
Lancet (London, England)
|May 10, 2003
まとめ
英国では,ヘモフィルス・インフルーエンスb型 (Hib) 疾患の症例が増加しています. ワクチン接種は子供たちの抗体レベルを上昇させ,第2のキャッチアップキャンペーンが病気の伝染を効果的に減らす可能性があることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- ヘモフィルス・インフルーエンザ b型 (Hib) 疾患の発生率は1999年以来,英国で増加しています.
- 集団の免疫レベルは,感染症の動態を理解し,制御するために極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- Hib病症例の増加における集団免疫の役割を調査する.
- 子供の抗体位に対する Hib 結合ワクチン接種プログラムの影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- イギリスの1~15歳児から採取した2600以上の血清サンプルを分析した.
- ワクチン接種後の免疫応答を評価するための抗体位数の測定.
主要な成果:
- 1歳児の抗体タイトルの中位値は,日常的なHib結合ワクチン接種を開始した後,有意に増加しました.
- 初期キャッチアップキャンペーン中に1歳から4歳までの年齢で最初のワクチン接種を受けた子どもは,幼児期にワクチン接種を受けた子どもよりも初期抗体濃度が高くなりました.
- 6ヶ月から4歳までの子供たちのための2回目のキャッチアップキャンペーンは,非常に効果的であると予測されています.
結論:
- 乳児の定期ワクチン接種とキャッチアップキャンペーンは,Hibに対する人口の免疫力を大幅に高めます.
- ターゲットを絞った2回目のキャッチアップキャンペーンは,迅速に免疫力を高め,短期的なHib疾患の発生率を減らすことができます.
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