島域のグラデントグラデントの全域の生態系特性に対する野火の長期的影響

David A Wardle¹, Greger Hörnberg, Olle Zackrisson

¹Department of Forest Vegetation Ecology, Faculty of Forestry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE901 83 Umeå, Sweden. david.wardle@svek.slu.se

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 10, 2003

まとめ

ボレアル・フォレストの土壌は,火災なしの時間の経過に伴い,より多くの炭素を貯蔵します. 頻繁に火災が発生する大きな島は生産性が高く,時間の経過とともに小さな島よりも少ない炭素を貯蔵します.

科学分野:

森林生態学森林生態学森林生態学
土壌科学は,土壌科学である.
世界的な炭素循環です.

背景:

ボレアル・フォレストの土壌は,世界の炭素循環において重要な役割を果たし,炭素の吸収源または供給源として機能します.
地球温暖化による火災管理の変更は,これらの土壌の炭素貯蔵の役割に影響を与える可能性があります.

研究の目的:

火の頻度が北極森林の土壌における炭素貯蔵にどのように影響するかを調査する.
島の大きさ,火災の頻度,植物の生産性,ゴミの分解の関係を理解する.

主な方法:

スウェーデンの北極圏の森林のある湖の島を調査し,島の大きさによって火災頻度が異なる.
植物の生産性とゴミの分解率を測定し,異なる島規模と火災後の時間を測定した.

主要な成果:

より大きな島は,より小さな島と比較して,より高い植物生産性とゴミの分解率を示した.
廃棄物の分解率は,火事発生から時間が経つにつれて,生態系の生産性よりも早く減少した.
火事発生から時間が経つにつれ,ヒュムスの炭素貯蔵量が増加することが観察された (0.5 kg C/m2/世紀).

結論:

最後の火災発生後の時間は,北極森林の土壌における炭素貯蔵に影響を与える重要な要因です.
火災管理の変更は,北極生態系の炭素吸収能力に大きく影響を与える可能性があります.

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