火山の羽根でブロミン一酸化物の検出
N Bobrowski1, G Hönninger, B Galle
1Institut für Umweltphysik, University of Heidelberg, INF 229, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Nicole.Bobrowski@iup.uni-heidelberg.de
Nature
|May 16, 2003
まとめ
火山からの放出物は,強力なオゾン破壊物質である反応性ブロミンを含んでいます. この研究では,活発な火山の近くでブロミン一酸化物 (BrO) を測定し,火山が平流圏と高層圏の両方のオゾンレベルに影響を与える可能性があることを示唆しました.
科学分野:
- 大気化学 大気化学
- 火山学 火山学とは
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 火山ガスは噴火に関する洞察を提供し,大気組成に影響を与えます.
- ハロゲン化合物,特にブロムは,平流層のオゾン層の減少に重要な役割を果たしています.
- 火山の羽根に含まれる反応性ブロームの種に関するデータは限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 火山の放射性物質における反応性ブロミン化合物 (BrO) の存在と豊富さを調査する.
- トロポスフィアとストラトスフィアのオゾンに火山性ブロムの潜在的な影響を評価する.
- 大気中のハロゲン予算における火山の排出の役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- 地上の多軸微分光学吸収スペクトロスコーピー (DOAS) が採用されました.
- 測定は,モンセラトのSoufrière Hills火山の羽根に焦点を当てました.
- ブロミン一酸化物 (BrO) と二酸化硫黄 (SO2) の豊富さが観察されました.
主要な成果:
- ブルーム一酸化物 (BrO) と二酸化硫黄 (SO2) は,火山の羽根で検出されました.
- BrO排出量の推定値が計算されました.
- この調査結果は,火山から大量にブロームが排出されていることを示しています.
結論:
- ブロムの火山からの排出は,地元のオゾン層の減少に寄与し,活発な火山の近くに小さなオゾンホールを形成する可能性があります.
- 火山によるブロミン排出は,大気圏と大気圏の両方のオゾン化学に影響を与える可能性があります.
- 大気化学に対する火山性ブロムの世界的な影響を完全に定量化するには,さらなる研究が必要である.
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