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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

メリオイドーシス (Melioidosis) とは

N J White1

  • 1Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand. fnnjw@diamond.mahidol.ac.th <fnnjw@diamond.mahidol.ac.th>

Lancet (London, England)
|May 28, 2003
PubMed
まとめ

深刻な細菌感染症であるメリオイドーシスは,アジアとオーストラリアで重大なセプシスと死亡率を引き起こします. 早期の認識と効果的な治療は,患者のアウトカムを改善し,再発率を低減するために不可欠です.

科学分野:

  • 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
  • 微生物学 微生物学とは
  • 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.

背景:

  • Burkholderia pseudomalleiによって引き起こされるメリオイドーシスは,東アジアと北オーストラリアでセプシスの主要な原因です.
  • このバクテリアは湿った土壌に生息する環境性サプロフィットであり,主に糖尿病などの病原性疾患を持つ成人を感染させます.
  • 多数の臓器にが形成され,いくつかの場合,脳幹脳炎など,疾患の呈現は様々です.

研究 の 目的:

  • メリオイドーシスの疫学,臨床的表れ,治療についてまとめます.
  • 治療への反応が遅い,再発率が高いなど,この深刻な感染症の管理における課題を強調する.

主な方法:

  • メリオイドーシスに関する既存の文献のレビュー.
  • エンドミックな地域からの疫学データの分析.
  • 現在の治療ガイドラインとアウトカムの要約.

主要な成果:

  • メリオイドーシスは,タイ北東部のコミュニティで発症したセプチケミアの20%を占め,治療を受けた患者の死亡率は40%です.
  • セフタジジムは重症症例の主な治療法ですが,発熱の軽減は遅い (平均9日).
  • 長期にわたる抗生物質療法にもかかわらず,10%の患者で再発が起こります.

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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
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結論:

  • メリオイドーシスは,流行地域における重要な公衆衛生上の懸念事項であり続けています.
  • 診断と医療の改善と旅行の増加は,世界的にメリオイドーシスの認識がより頻繁になる可能性が高い.
  • 治療戦略の最適化と再発率の低減に関するさらなる研究が必要である.