多不飽和ドコサヘキサエノ酸とドコサペンタエノ酸 - 1つの二重結合の喪失による脂質マトリックス特性の違い
Nadukkudy V Eldho1, Scott E Feller, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
1Contribution from the Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 6, 2003
まとめ
ドコサヘキサエノ酸 (DHA) とドコサペンタエノ酸 (DPA) は,膜の物理特性に異なる影響を及ぼします. 追加の二重結合を持つDHAの存在は,膜の柔軟性を高め,脂質の包装を変化させ,タンパク質の機能に潜在的に影響を及ぼします.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
背景:
- ドコサヘキサエノ酸 (DHA) は,脳の機能の発達に不可欠です.
- DHAの供給不足により,オメガ6脂肪酸であるドコサペンタエノ酸 (DPA) によって代替される.
- DPAは,DHAと比較して,メチル末端の近くに二重結合が欠けています.
研究 の 目的:
- DPAのダブル結合の欠如が,DHAと比較して,膜の物理的性質にどのように影響するかを調査する.
- DHAを含む脂質膜とDPAを含む脂質膜の構造的および動的差異を決定する.
主な方法:
- 固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) スペクトロスコーピーの固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) スペクトロスコーピーは,固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) スペクトロスコーピーの固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) スペクトロスコーピーの固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体核磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR) の固体磁気共鳴 (NMR)
- X線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによるX線 difrractionによる
- 分子ダイナミクスシミュレーション
主要な成果:
- DHAとDPAの両方とも,急速な形状転換を示すが,DHAはメチル末端でより柔軟である.
- DHAを含む脂質は,DPAを含む脂質と比較して,炭化水素鎖の詰め込みと密度の分布が変化している.
- DPAにおける二重結合の喪失は,二重層内の鎖密度のより均等な分布につながります.
結論:
- DHAとDPAの構造的,動的差異は,膜の物理的性質に影響を与えます.
- 膜特性におけるこれらの変化は,ロドプシンなどの統合膜タンパク質の機能に影響を与える可能性があります.
関連する概念動画
02:52Stereoisomerism
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
03:38Structure of Lipids
Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that include mostly nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of fats. Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. For example, they help keep aquatic birds and...
03:38Structure of Lipids
Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that include mostly nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of fats. Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. For example, they help keep aquatic birds and...
02:43Isomerism
Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. Isomers can be further classified into constitutional isomers and stereoisomers. Constitutional isomers differ in the connectivity of their constituent atoms. For example, 2-butanol and diethyl ether are constitutional isomers, as they have the same chemical formula, C4H10O, but differ in the connectivity of the carbon and oxygen atoms. Constitutional isomers have different physical and chemical...
01:28Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
03:38Structure of Lipids
Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that include mostly nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of fats. Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. For example, they help keep aquatic birds and...