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子宮中の糖尿病環境が2型糖尿病への傾向に及ぼす影響
Eugène Sobngwi1, Philippe Boudou, Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
1Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris VII-Medical School;, Paris, France
Lancet (London, England)
|June 6, 2003
まとめ
妊娠中の母性糖尿病は子孫を増やす
科学分野:
- 内分泌学と新陳代謝について
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 人間の遺伝学 人間の遺伝学
背景:
- 2型糖尿病 (T2DM) の発達には,遺伝的要因と環境的要因の両方が影響しています.
- 遺伝的背景とは無関係なT2DMの予備性に対する子宮内糖尿病環境の影響は,明らかにする必要があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 糖尿病の環境への子宮内被曝が,成人の子孫におけるグルコース代謝と臓機能に及ぼす長期的な影響を調査する.
- 子孫の代謝健康に対する母性対父性糖尿病の影響を区別し,遺伝的傾向を制御する.
主な方法:
- インスリン感受性およびインスリン分泌の評価は,経口グルコース耐性テスト (OGTT) と静脈グルコース耐性テスト (IVGTT) によるものです.
- この研究では,母親の1型糖尿病 (n=15) の非糖尿病成人子孫と,父親の1型糖尿病 (n=16) の子孫を対照群として対象とした.
- パンクレアポリペプチドのレベルを測定し,パラシンパティック神経系の活動を評価する.
主要な成果:
- グループ間では,体脂肪率やインスリン感受性の有意な差は認められなかった.
- グルコース耐性障害 (IGT) は,暴露した5人の参加者に診断されたが,コントロールのいずれにも (p=0.02) 診断されなかった.
- 暴露された子孫は,OGTT (p=0.04) の間に早期インスリン分泌が低下し,IVGTT (p<0.0001) の間に平均インスリン分泌率が低下した.
- 経口グルコースに対する臓ポリペプチド反応は,暴露された個体,特にIGT (p=0.04) を有する個体において減少した.
結論:
- 糖尿病環境への子宮内曝露は,成人期におけるグルコース耐性障害とインスリン分泌不全の発生率が高いことと関連しています.
- これらの代謝の変化は,2型糖尿病への遺伝的予備性とは無関係に起こる.
- 観察されたインスリン分泌器の欠陥は,パラシンパティックトーンが低下する可能性があるため,さらなる疫学的な調査と潜在的な治療戦略の開発が必要である.
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