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鬱を患っている米国の労働者の生産的な労働時間の損失のコスト
Walter F Stewart1, Judith A Ricci, Elsbeth Chee
1AdvancePCS Center for Work and Health, Hunt Valley, MD, USA. wfstewart@geisinger.edu
JAMA
|June 19, 2003
まとめ
うつ病は,労働生産性に大きな影響を及ぼし,生産性の失われた時間 (LPT) のために雇用者に年間数十億ドルを費やします. 欠席だけでなく,仕事でのパフォーマンスの低下が,ほとんどのコストを牽引し,よりよいうつ病治療へのアクセスを必要としていることを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 職業衛生は,健康に関するものです.
- メンタルヘルスの経済学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- うつ病は,仕事の生産性に悪影響を及ぼすことで知られています.
- 鬱病が米国の労働力に及ぼす経済的影響に関する既存の推定値は,時代遅れで稀である.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国の労働力に対するうつ病の経済的負担を定量化するために.
- 鬱病による労働欠勤と業績低下に関連した労働コストを推定する.
主な方法:
- 鬱病スクリーニングを含むアメリカ生産性監査 (2001-2002) のデータを活用した.
- 診断のための検証された器具 (PC-EDモードモジュールなど) を使って補足面談を行った.
- うつ病に起因する計算された過剰生産時間損失 (LPT) コスト.
主要な成果:
- 鬱を患っている労働者は,同級生 (1.5時間/週) に比べて,著しく高いLPT (5.6時間/週) を経験しました.
- LPTのコストの81%は,仕事のパフォーマンス低下によるもので,LPTの48%は重度のうつ病によるものでした.
- 鬱病による米国の雇用者に対する推定年間LPTコストは440億ドルに達し,310億ドルを超えました.
結論:
- うつ病に関連したLPTコストのほとんどは,仕事のパフォーマンスの低下から生じる"目に見えない"ものです.
- 抗うつ剤の使用は低い (<33%) で,報告された有効性は中程度に過ぎず,治療のギャップを示しています.
- 労働力のうつ病に対処することは,成果を改善し,経済的負担を軽減するための費用対効果の高い機会を提供します.
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