静脈血栓塞栓症と癌:リスクと結果
1Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. alee@mcmaster.ca
Circulation
|June 20, 2003
まとめ
がん患者は静脈血栓栓塞栓症 (VTE) の高リスクに直面しています. 低分子量ヘパリンは,がん患者におけるVTEの長期的な管理のために,経口抗凝固剤よりも優れた治療選択肢を提供することがあります.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 血液学 ヘマトロジ
- トロンボシス研究研究
背景:
- 癌とその治療は,静脈血栓栓塞栓症 (VTE) のリスクを大幅に増加させます.
- 癌患者のVTEの危険因子には,腫瘍の種類,ステージ,抗腫瘍剤,年齢,手術,そして固定状態が含まれます.
- 遺伝性トランボフィリアのスクリーニングは,VTEのがん患者には指示されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 癌患者の静脈血栓塞栓症 (VTE) のリスク要因,管理,およびアウトカムを見直す.
- 癌の文脈でVTEの治療選択肢を評価する.
- 隠された悪性腫瘍とイディオパシー性血栓症の関係について議論する.
主な方法:
- 癌に関連した血栓形成に関する既存の証拠のレビュー.
- 癌患者のVTEリスクに影響を与える要因の分析.
- CLOT研究など,関連する臨床試験からの発見の議論.
主要な成果:
- VTEに関連した一般的な悪性腫瘍には,乳がん,結腸がん,肺がんが含まれ,臓がん,卵巣がん,脳がんはより高い相対リスクを示しています.
- 隠された悪性腫瘍は,イディオパシー性血栓症として現れますが,VTE患者の広範な癌のスクリーニングは一般的に正当化されません.
- 低分子量ヘパリン (LMWH) は,CLOT研究で示唆されたように,経口抗凝固剤と比較して,がん患者におけるVTEの優れた長期的な治療薬としての可能性を実証しました.
結論:
- VTEを患っているがん患者は,再発したVTEと癌そのものに起因して,寿命が短くなっています.
- VTEの癌患者の長期抗凝固剤治療は,再発と出血のリスクを高めます.
- 低分子量ヘパリン (LMWH) は,VTEのがん患者における長期抗凝固剤の好ましい治療法であり,抗凝固剤の抗腫瘍効果は調査中です.
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