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Radical Formation: Homolysis00:54

Radical Formation: Homolysis

A bond is formed between two atoms by sharing two electrons. When this bond is broken by supplying sufficient energy, either two electrons can be taken up by one atom forming ions by the cleavage called heterolysis, or the two electrons are shared by two atoms, with one each creating radicals by the cleavage called homolysis.
Radical Formation: Elimination00:51

Radical Formation: Elimination

Another method of radical formation is the elimination process. It is the opposite of the addition route and is driven by the instability of the radical. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, dibenzoyl peroxide yields a pair of unstable radicals upon homolysis. Given its instability, this radical spontaneously undergoes elimination via a C–C bond cleavage to form a relatively more stable phenyl radical. The mechanism involves cleavage of the bond between the α and β positions with respect to...
Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods01:30

Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods

In healthcare, the chemical method of sterilization uses chemical sterilants to treat surgical instruments and medical supplies to help prevent the transmission of infectious pathogens to patients. Due to heat sensitivity, most medical supplies and equipment should not be exposed to high temperatures. These parts include rubber, plastic, glass, and other similar elements.
Using chemical sterilization rather than heat to clean out equipment is recommended. It eradicates and removes all bacteria,...
Deleterious Substances in Aggregate01:25

Deleterious Substances in Aggregate

Deleterious substances in aggregates can be detrimental to the quality and durability of concrete. These substances include organic impurities like loam, which interfere with cement hydration and are usually present in the sand. These prevent a good bond between aggregate and cement paste. Organic impurities can be detected using the colorimetric test, where the darkness of a solution after agitation indicates the level of organic content.
Another type of impurity is clay and fine material that...
Curing of Concrete01:20

Curing of Concrete

The hydration of cement takes place within the water-filled capillary pores. However, environmental elements can disrupt this process by evaporating water from the concrete surfaces. Sealed concrete with a water-cement ratio below 0.5 experiences self-desiccation, leading to water loss. The water loss in concrete is mitigated by curing. This technique involves keeping the concrete saturated to maintain the necessary temperature and moisture conditions, to optimally fill the spaces in the cement...
Chemical Agents for Microbial Control01:27

Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...

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関連する実験動画

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Integrating a Triplet-triplet Annihilation Up-conversion System to Enhance Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Response to Sub-bandgap Light
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Integrating a Triplet-triplet Annihilation Up-conversion System to Enhance Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Response to Sub-bandgap Light

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結合ポリマーによる光消火.

Madhusoodhanan Sudhakar1, Peter I Djurovich, Thieo E Hogen-Esch

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 26, 2003
PubMed
まとめ

フォスファーと結合ポリマー間のエネルギー転送が研究されました. 熱外エネルギー伝達は高効率で観察され,結合ポリマーが有機発光ダイオード (OLED) の光放射を消し去ることが示唆された.

科学分野:

  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
  • オーガニック・エレクトロニクス
  • フォトフィジックスの光学

背景:

  • 結合ポリマーは,有機電子工学において極めて重要です.
  • エネルギー転送メカニズムを理解することは,デバイスのパフォーマンスを最適化するための鍵です.
  • フッ素ベースの材料は,結合ポリマーのモデルシステムとして機能します.

研究 の 目的:

  • フォスファーとモデル結合ポリマーの間のエネルギー伝達ダイナミクスを調査する.
  • エネルギー転送経路の熱力学的実現可能性を決定する.
  • フッ素トリマー (F3) のトリプルエナジーを推定する.

主な方法:

  • ビス・サイクロメタラートされたイリジウム複合体をリンとして利用した.
  • モデル結合材料としてフッ素トリマー (F3) を採用した.
  • スターン=ヴォルマー分析による発光滅の分析を行いました.

主要な成果:

  • 観測された高トリプルエネルギーフォスファー (FP,PPY) から高効率 (kqSV ≈ 10^9 M−1s−1) でF3への熱外エネルギー伝達.
  • 低トリプルエネルギーフォスファー (BT,PQ,BTP) からF3 (kqSV = 107106 M−1s−1) への内熱エネルギー移転が確認された.

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関連する実験動画

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Integrating a Triplet-triplet Annihilation Up-conversion System to Enhance Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Response to Sub-bandgap Light
11:26

Integrating a Triplet-triplet Annihilation Up-conversion System to Enhance Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Response to Sub-bandgap Light

Published on: September 12, 2014

Inactivation of Pathogens via Visible-Light Photolysis of Riboflavin-5&#8242;-Phosphate
08:25

Inactivation of Pathogens via Visible-Light Photolysis of Riboflavin-5′-Phosphate

Published on: April 6, 2022

A Complete Method for Evaluating the Performance of Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Antibiotics in Environmental Remediation
08:30

A Complete Method for Evaluating the Performance of Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Antibiotics in Environmental Remediation

Published on: October 6, 2022

  • F3の三重エネルギーが2.3 eV (530 nm) 以下であると推定した.

    • 結論:

    • F3より低い三重エネルギーを持つ結合ポリマーは,光放射を消し去ると予想されます.
    • この発見は,効率的な有機発光ダイオード (OLED) の設計に意味を持つ.
    • この研究は,有機光電子機器におけるエネルギー伝送の制御に関する洞察を提供します.