メラノプシンは,盲目マウスの非画像形成の光反応に必要である

Satchidananda Panda¹, Ignacio Provencio, Daniel C Tu

¹Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John J. Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 28, 2003

まとめ

棒/の光受容体とメラノプシンの両方が欠けているマウスは,すべての光反応を失い,視覚的および非視覚的システムが哺乳類の光知覚に不可欠であることを示しています.

科学分野:

神経科学は神経科学である.
オフタルモロジック (眼科)
クロノバイオロジーはクロノバイオロジーを用います.

背景:

棒とコンの光受容体を持たないマウスは盲目であるが,光媒介反応を保持する.
メラノプシンを発現する光敏感性網膜のギャングリオン細胞 (ipRGCs) は,これらの非視覚的反応に関与しています.
棒とも非視覚的な写真感受に寄与する可能性があります.

研究の目的:

メラノプシンを含むipRGCsと古典的な光受容体 (棒とコン) が,哺乳類の非視覚光反応における役割を調査する.

主な方法:

外網膜変性とメラノプシン欠乏症を併用した遺伝子組み換えマウスを利用した.
サーカディアンオシレータのフォトトレーニングを評価した.
測定された瞳孔の光の反応.
アリアルキラミン-N-アセチルトランスフェラーゼ (AA-NAT) トランスクリプトの量化フォティック抑制.
評価された,光に誘発された急性運動運動抑制.

主要な成果:

外側網膜の光受容体とメラノプシンの両方が欠けているマウスは,光誘導の完全な欠如を示した.
これらのマウスはまた,瞳孔の光反応,AA-NATの光性抑制,および光による運動運動活動の急性抑制を示さなかった.
これは,これらの非視覚的反応を媒介するために,ロッド/コーン光受容体とメラノプシンの両方の必要性を示している.

結論:

古典的な視覚光受容体 (ロッドとコン) とメラノプシンベースの非視覚系の両方が,哺乳類の光に対する様々な非視覚的反応を媒介するために不可欠です.
これは,昼夜リズムおよび他の光駆動行動の調節における異なる光受容体システムの統合された機能を強調しています.

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