今年,何人の子供の死を防ぐことができるでしょうか?
Gareth Jones1, Richard W Steketee, Robert E Black
1Division of Policy and Planning, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY 10017, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 11, 2003
まとめ
5歳未満の子供の主要な死因については,効果的な子供の生存介入が存在します. 証拠に基づいたこれらの介入の普遍的な提供は,子供の死亡の63%を防ぐことができますが,世界的なカバーは低いままです.
科学分野:
- 子どもの健康 子どもの健康
- 世界的な公衆衛生問題です.
- 予防医学は,予防的な医療です.
背景:
- 幼児死亡率は依然として高く,毎年1千万人以上が下痢,肺炎,栄養不良などの予防可能な原因で死亡しています.
- 既存の介入は,感染症や新生児合併症を含む,5歳未満の子供の主要な死因をターゲットにしています.
研究 の 目的:
- 低所得環境での提供における有効性の証拠に基づいて,子供の生存のための介入をレビューし,分類する.
- ユニバーサル・インターベンション・カバーが,小児死亡率の減少に与える潜在的な影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 介入はレベル1 (十分な証拠),レベル2 (限られた証拠),レベル3 (不十分な証拠) に分類された.
- 低所得環境における高額保険の提供の実現可能性は,介入分類の重要な考慮事項でした.
主要な成果:
- 幼児死亡の主な原因のほとんどは,レベル1の介入が利用可能であり,出生窒息に対するレベル2の介入があります.
- ほとんどの子供の生存のための介入のグローバルカバーは50%未満です.
- レベル1またはレベル2の介入の普遍的な利用は,すべての子供の死亡の63%を防ぐことができます.
結論:
- 幼児死亡率を大幅に削減し,世界保健目標を達成するために,証拠に基づいた介入が利用できます.
- 幼児死亡率を減らすための主な障壁は,不十分な出産と,既存の効果的な介入の低水準のグローバルなカバーです.
- 証明された子供の生存戦略へのアクセスと提供の拡大は,世界中の子供の健康結果を改善するために不可欠です.
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