関連する実験動画
Updated: May 11, 2026

09:42
Using SecM Arrest Sequence as a Tool to Isolate Ribosome Bound Polypeptides
Published on: June 19, 2012
リボソームの動きのロックとロック解除
Mikel Valle1, Andrey Zavialov, Jayati Sengupta
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Health Research Incororated at the Wadswoth Center, State University of New York, Albany, 12201, USA.
Cell
|July 16, 2003
まとめ
リボソームに結合する延長因子G (EF-G) は回転を引き起こし,L1茎を動かし,脱酸化tRNAを転位させます. この動きは充電されたtRNAによって遮断され,タンパク質合成の重要なステップを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- リボソーム転位は,タンパク質合成の基本的なプロセスです.
- 伸縮因子G (EF-G) は,この動きを媒介する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 転位中のリボソームの構造的動態を理解することは不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- EF-G媒介トランスロケーション中のリボソームの構造的再編成を解明する.
- tRNAの移動におけるL1茎の役割を調査する.
- リボソーム動態に対するtRNAアサイレーション状態の影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- 低温電子顕微鏡 (cryo-EM) を用いてリボソーム複合体を視覚化しました.
- 高解像度構造分析は,EF-G.に結合したトランスロケーション前のリボソームで実施されました.
主要な成果:
- EF-G結合は,30Sと50Sのリボソームサブユニット間のラチェットのような回転を誘導します.
- この回転は,50SサブユニットのL1茎の顕著な動きと結びついています.
- tRNAの転位を促進するリボソーム運動は,P部位tRNAが脱塩された場合にのみ発生します.
結論:
- L1茎は,P部位からE部位への脱塩型tRNAの転位に関与しています.
- 充電されたP部位tRNAはブレーキとして作用し,転位に必要なリボソーム構造の変化を防ぐ.
- これらの発見は,リボソーム転位およびその調節のメカニズムに関する重要な洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Termination of Translation
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
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The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...

