家計による災害医療支出:多国分析
Ke Xu1, David B Evans, Kei Kawabata
1Evidence and Information for Policy, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, CH-1211 27, Geneva, Switzerland.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 18, 2003
まとめ
壊滅的な医療費は,世界中の多くの世帯に,特に貧しい国々に影響を及ぼします. ポケットからの支払いを削減し,金融リスクの保護を強化することは,医療費による貧困を防ぐための鍵です.
科学分野:
- 健康経済学 医療経済学
- 公共衛生政策 公共衛生政策
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
背景:
- 政策立案者は,健康関連の財政的困難と貧困から市民を保護することを目指しています.
- 壊滅的な医療費は,重要で繰り返し発生する世界的な問題です.
- この問題の規模を理解することは,政策策定において極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 各国における災害医療支出の流行と決定要因を調査する.
- 高額な医療費に直面する家庭に寄与する要因を特定する.
- 医療における金融リスク保護のための政策介入の情報提供.
主な方法:
- 59カ国の世帯調査データを活用したクロスカントリー分析.
- 災害医療支出に関連する変数を特定するための回帰分析.
- 災難的支出の定義は,生活費後の収入の40%を超える世帯の医療費である.
主要な成果:
- 世界的に観測された,悲惨な医療費の割合の大きな変動.
- 最も高い割合は,移行途上国やラテンアメリカの国々で確認された.
- 主な前提条件は,有料の医療サービスの利用可能性,低額の支払い能力,前払い/保険の欠如です.
結論:
- ポケットからの支払いへの依存を軽減し,金融リスクの保護を強化することで,世帯を保護することができます.
- 医療へのアクセスを拡大することは不可欠ですが,壊滅的な支出リスクを増やす可能性があります.
- ターゲットを絞ったリスク保護政策は,特に脆弱な集団にとって不可欠です.
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