幼児死亡率の低減:公衆衛生は効果を発揮できるのか?
Jennifer Bryce1, Shams el Arifeen, George Pariyo
1Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development, WHO, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. brycej@who.int <brycej@who.int>
Lancet (London, England)
|July 18, 2003
まとめ
子どもの生存率を改善するには,実証済みの介入のより良い提供が必要です. 戦略は,保健システム開発に合わせて,データ,モニタリング,公平なカバーに焦点を当てて,世界の子供の生存率の目標を達成するために策定されなければならない.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 小児科は小児科です.
- 医療システム研究 医療システム研究
背景:
- 子どもの生存率は,世界の健康上の重要な課題であり,予防可能な死亡の有意な割合がある.
- 子どもの健康に関する重要な介入の範囲は,多くの低・中所得国において不十分である.
- 予防接種と出産支援の進展は,最も貧しい国々のいくつかで停滞または減少しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 子どもの健康への介入と,その提供システムとの区別を強調する.
- 保健システム開発段階に基づく提供戦略の調整を提唱する.
- 子どもの健康に関するイニシアチブを見直し,重要な配達システムの構成要素について議論する.
主な方法:
- 最近の児童保健イニシアチブと配達システム戦略のレビュー.
- データ需要とモニタリングを含む,医療サービス提供の重要な側面の分析.
- 高い,公平な介入範囲を達成するための議論.
主要な成果:
- 効果的な子供の生存介入は,不十分な配達システムのために十分に活用されていません.
- 地域レベルでのデータは,効果的な健康計画と資源配分に不可欠です.
- コミュニティベースのイニシアティブは,弱い保健サービスを補完することができますが,国家システムの強化は最重要です.
結論:
- 子どもの生存に関するミレニアム開発目標を達成するには,介入の実施戦略を大幅に改善する必要があります.
- 信頼性の高いデータとモニタリングによってサポートされる,個別化された提供アプローチは,介入の拡大に不可欠です.
- 国家保健システムの強化は,子供の生存率の持続的な改善のための長期的な戦略です.
関連する概念動画
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Managed Care System:
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Managed Care System:
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The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.


