非ステロイド性抗炎症薬と結腸直腸がんの分子発がん
G Huls1, J J Koornstra, J H Kleibeuker
1Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. g.huls@int.azg.nl <g.huls@int.azg.nl>
Lancet (London, England)
|July 30, 2003
まとめ
アスピリンを含む非ステロイド性抗炎症薬 (NSAIDs) は,中等リスクの個体において,大腸がんに対する中程度の化学予防効果を示しています. NSAIDによるがん予防におけるp21の役割などの分子機構を理解するために,さらなる研究が必要である.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 胃腸内科 胃腸内科
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
背景:
- 結腸直腸がんは,がんによる死亡率の主な原因であり,効果的な予防戦略が必要である.
- 非ステロイド性抗炎症薬 (NSAIDs) は,結腸直腸がんに対する化学予防的性質を示しています.
- 以前の研究では,スリンダックやセレコキシブなどのNSAIDが,家族性腺腫多重症の患者で有効であることを示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 大腸がんの中間リスクを有する集団におけるアスピリンの化学予防効果を評価する.
- NSAID媒介の結腸直腸がんの化学予防の潜在的分子メカニズムを探求する.
主な方法:
- 結腸直腸腺腫再発に対するアスピリンの効果を調査する2つのランダム化プラセボ対照試験の分析.
- NSAIDメカニズムに関するインビトロ,動物,疫学,介入研究のレビュー.
主要な成果:
- アスピリン (毎日325mg) は,前述の結腸直腸がんを患った患者の再発性アデノマのリスクを35%減少させた.
- 低用量アスピリン (81 mg) も,プラセボと比較して,アデノマの発生率を減少させる傾向を示した.
- NSAIDは,腫瘍細胞におけるアポトーシスを誘発し,細胞循環調節器p21を潜在的に関与させる可能性があります.
結論:
- アスピリンは,中程度の結腸直腸がんリスクを有する集団において,適度な化学予防効果を発揮する.
- 細胞サイクルを調節するタンパク質p21は,NSAIDの化学予防効果の重要な分子媒介体である可能性があります.
- これらのメカニズムの理解は,大腸直腸がん予防戦略の改善につながる可能性があります.
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