アフガニスタンで地雷や未爆発弾による死亡や負傷
Oleg O Bilukha1, Muireann Brennan, Bradley A Woodruff
1Epidemic Intelligence Service, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga 30341, USA. OBiloukha@cdc.gov
JAMA
|August 7, 2003
まとめ
アフガニスタンでは,地雷や未爆破弾 (UXO) による負傷者の割合が高い. 子供はUXOに対してより脆弱であり,大人は地雷のリスクに直面しており,標的型リスク教育が必要である.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 怪我の予防 怪我の予防について
背景:
- アフガニスタンは地雷や未爆破弾 (UXO) による負傷による深刻な影響を受けている国です.
- これらの怪我に関連したパターンとリスク要因を理解することは,効果的な介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- アフガニスタンにおける地雷および未爆破弾薬による負傷の疫学的特徴を調査する.
- 様々な年齢層において,これらの怪我に寄与する特定のリスク要因と行動を特定する.
主な方法:
- 2001年3月から2002年6月までの間に国際赤十字委員会によって収集された,アフガニスタンにある390の保健施設からの監視データの分析.
- データには,地雷とUXOによって負傷した1636人の個人が含まれており,怪我の傾向,種類,人口統計,リスク行動,爆発装置の種類を調査しました.
主要な成果:
- 民間人は負傷者の81%を占め,男性と少年が91.6%を占める. 負傷者の45.9%が16歳未満でした.
- 子供は未爆破弾 (手榴弾,爆弾など) でより頻繁に負傷し,成人は主に地雷で負傷した.
- 共通のリスク行動には,子供の遊びや動物飼育,大人の軍事活動や経済的必要性などが含まれていた. 観察された症例死亡率は9.4%でした.
結論:
- リスク教育戦略は,子どもに対する未爆破弾の危険性,成人に対する地雷の危険性,年齢特有の行動への対処に焦点を当てて調整されなければならない.
- 地雷とUXOによる負傷に関するデータの感度と代表性を向上させるために,コミュニティとクリニックベースの報告を通じて監視を強化することが不可欠です.
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