欧州の重症病棟における終末期治療:エシックスの研究
Charles L Sprung1, Simon L Cohen, Peter Sjokvist
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
JAMA
|August 14, 2003
まとめ
欧州の集中治療室 (ICU) で生命維持療法を制限することは一般的ですが,国によって大きく異なります. 患者の年齢,診断,地域などの要因は,これらの終末期の決定に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 集中治療医療 集中治療医療 集中治療医療
- バイオエシック バイオエシック
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 標準化された実践ガイドラインは,患者のケアに影響を与えていますが,集中治療における生命維持療法の放棄に関して倫理的なジレンマが生じています.
- 終末期介護の慣行は,異なる国や文化で著しい多様性を示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 欧州の集中治療室 (ICU) での終末期診療の頻度と種類を決定する.
- ヨーロッパのICUにおけるこれらの慣行の類似点と違いを分析する.
主な方法:
- 欧州17カ国の37のICUで前向きな観察研究が行われました.
- 死んだ,または生命維持療法に制限があった連続した患者を含めた.
- 寿命期の終わりの慣行は1999年1月から2000年6月まで予測的に定義され,分析されました.
主要な成果:
- ICUに入院した31,417人のうち,13.5%が死亡または生命維持療法が制限され,これらの症例の72.6%が治療の制限を伴う.
- 治療停止 (38%),治療中止 (33%) および心肺蘇生が失敗した (20%) を含む,終末期治療における実質的な国間変動が観察されました.
- 死亡プロセスの積極的な短縮は7カ国で報告されました (2%),関連するオピオイドおよびベンゾジアゼピン投与量は,症状緩和に使用されるものと類似しています.
結論:
- 生命維持治療の制限は,欧州のICUで一般的な,しかし変化する慣行です.
- 患者の年齢,診断,ICU滞在期間,地理的および宗教的要因は,治療の制限と関連していました.
- 治療の撤回,死に至る過程の短縮,痛み/苦しみの管理の間には,潜在的に明確性の欠如が存在します.
さらに関連する動画
10:38Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
Published on: January 16, 2019
09:54Lung Rapid Recovery Procurement Combined with Abdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death
Published on: August 15, 2022
関連する概念動画
Ethics and Bioethics
Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
Nursing Ethical Principles I
Ethical principles serve as the moral compass in the longstanding tradition of nursing, guiding healthcare professionals in their interactions with patients and families. These principles, namely autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, provide a robust framework for navigating the ethical complexities of daily nursing practice.
Autonomy
Autonomy underscores the significance of a patient's self-determination and freedom from external control. In healthcare, respecting the...
Autonomy
Autonomy underscores the significance of a patient's self-determination and freedom from external control. In healthcare, respecting the...
Nursing Ethical Principles II
Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's cancer...
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's cancer...
Ethical Issues
Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Ethical Dilemmas I
Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
Ethical Dilemmas II
Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
