対象となるゲノム領域からの多種配列の比較分析

J W Thomas¹, J W Touchman, R W Blakesley

¹Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892,USA.

Nature

|August 15, 2003

まとめ

脊椎動物のゲノムを比較すると,保存された非コーディングDNAが明らかになり,ゲノム進化の洞察が提供されます. この研究では,単純な対比比較で発見されなかった新しい保存セグメントを特定しました.

科学分野:

ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
比較ゲノミクスとは
進化生物学の進化生物学について

背景:

比較ゲノム配列解析は,ゲノム進化を理解し,機能的要素を特定するために重要である.
規制要素を含む保存された非コーディング領域は,ゲノム機能の解読の鍵です.
進化的に多様な脊椎動物のゲノムをターゲットにシーケンシングすることは,全ゲノムアプローチを補完します.

研究の目的:

12の脊椎動物種から12メガベース (Mb) 以上の配列を生成し,分析する.
性線維症遺伝子を含むヒト染色体7にオーソログな特定のゲノム領域を比較する.
保存されたコーディングと非コーディングのセグメントを特定し,ゲノムダイナミクスを理解する.

主な方法:

12種多様な脊椎動物の標的ゲノム領域のシーケンシングと比較分析.
多種比較を用いた保存された非コーディングセグメントの識別.
転置可能な要素の挿入を分析してゲノム動態を推論する.

主要な成果:

12種の脊椎動物から12MB以上の配列データを生成し,分析した.
数多くの保存された非コーディングセグメントを特定し,その多くはペアによる比較では検出できない.
ゲノムダイナミクスの特徴付け,移植可能な要素の挿入に基づいて,霊長類の姉妹グループとして歯類を確認する.

結論:

対象地域の比較ゲノミクスは,機能に不可欠な重要な保存された非コーディング要素を明らかにします.
多種配列の比較は,ペアレス分析を超えて保存された元素を発見するために不可欠です.
ゲノムダイナミクスは種によって大きく異なっており,進化の関係に関する洞察を提供します.

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