全マントルのコンベクションと移行ゾーンの濾水器
David Bercovici1, Shun-Ichiro Karato
1Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, PO Box 208109, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8109, USA. david.bercovici@yale.edu
Nature
|September 5, 2003
まとめ
地球のマントルは孤立した貯水池を持たないかもしれない. 代わりに,410kmの不連続性における水フィルターモデルは,地質学的データと地質物理学的データを調和させ,玄武岩の地化学的違いを説明しています.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- マントル・ペトロロジー マントル・ペトロロジー
背景:
- 海洋島ベースタルト (OIB) と海中ベースタルト (MORB) の独特な化学的シグネチャーは,伝統的に孤立したマントルの貯水池を示唆しています.
- 現存するマントルの貯水池モデルは地化学データと一致しているが,地物理学的観測と矛盾している.
研究 の 目的:
- ベースアルティックマグマの発生の代替モデルを提案する.
- マントルフィルタリングメカニズムを用いて玄武岩の地化学的変動を説明する.
- マントル研究における地化学的および地物理的不一致を調和させる.
主な方法:
- 410kmの不連続性におけるマントルのプロセスの概念モデリング.
- 脱水による部分溶解と要素フィルタリングの分析.
- マントルの移行地帯における水溶性の役割を仮説化する.
主要な成果:
- 移行区の水フィルターモデルが提案されており,410 kmの脱水による融解により,互換性のない要素が分離されます.
- 濾過され,乾燥したマントルは,MORB源を形成するために上昇します.
- 濃縮された溶融残留物は410kmの不連続性で閉じ込められ,OIB源と早期の地殻形成に影響を与える可能性があります.
結論:
- トランジション・ゾーン・ウォーター・フィルター・モデルは,OIBとMORBの地化学的シグネチャーの統一された説明を提供します.
- このモデルは,地化学データと地物理データとの衝突を解決し,孤立したマントルの貯水池概念に異議を唱える.
- このモデルはまた,OIBと初期の大陸の地殻の濃縮されたシグネチャー,およびアーカイアンマントルの過程の変異も説明しています.
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