シングルニュートロン干渉測定におけるベル型不等式の違反

Yuji Hasegawa¹, Rudolf Loidl, Gerald Badurek

¹Atominstitut der Osterreichischen Universitäten, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Wien, Austria. hasegawa@ati.ac.at

Nature

|September 5, 2003

まとめ

研究者は,光子だけでなく単一の中性子を使用して量子絡み合い相関を実証しました. この実験はベル型不等式に違反し,古典的な隠れた変数理論に挑戦する.

科学分野:

量子力学は,量子力学という
量子絡み合いは量子絡み合いを意味する.
中性子物理学のニュートロン物理学

背景:

非局所的相関は,アインシュタイン,ポドルスキー,ローゼン (EPR) パラドックスとベル不等式の中心にある.
実験では通常,絡み合った光子を使用しますが,イオンなどの他のシステムの探査が報告されています.
光子を超えたシステムにおける絡み合いを示すことは,その基本的な性質を理解するために極めて重要です.

研究の目的:

単一の中性子における量子絡みと非局所的相関を調査する.
ニュートロンの自由度2度 (空間とスピン) を用いてベル型不等式をテストする.
絡み合う現象は光子に限ったことではないことを示すために.

主な方法:

単一の中性子の空間とスピンの自由度間の相関を測定する.
これらの相関関係にベル型不等式を導入し,適用する.
絡み合った中性子ペアを生成する技術的な課題を回避します.

主要な成果:

単一の中性子に対するベル型不等式の違反を証明した.
測定値2.051 +/- 0.019の測定値が得られました.
この値は,古典的な隠れた変数理論による2の予測を大幅に上回ります.

結論:

量子纠の相関は,単一の中性子で観察することができます.
この発見は,古典的な隠れた変数理論に異議を唱え,量子力学を支持している.
この研究は,光子系を超えて,絡み合いの理解を広げています.

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