実験療法の使用に関するランダム化対照試験の意識の効果
William F Clark1, Amit X Garg, Peter G Blake
1Division of Nephrology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
JAMA
|September 11, 2003
まとめ
アフェレス療法のためのランダム化制御試験 (RCT) は使用量の増加につながったが,この増加のほとんどは試験の外で行われた. この現象は"ジャンプ・ザ・ピストル"と呼ばれていますが,臨床試験の際には非推奨薬の使用を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 臨床試験と医学研究について
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- 腎臓病学と神経学 治療薬学
背景:
- ランダム化制御試験 (RCT) 以外の実験療法の使用は,十分に文書化されていません.
- この非推奨使用の理解は,治療パターンと試験の影響を評価する上で極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- アフェレスに対するRCTの開始が,試験外でのこの治療法の使用に影響を与えるかどうかを調査する.
- RCT内外のアフェレス使用の範囲を定量化するために.
主な方法:
- タイムシリーズの分析では,多発性硬化症,血栓性血栓性閉塞性紫外線,骨髄腫性腎不全に対するカナダの3つのRCTにおいて,全国のアフェレスの使用を調査した.
- 裁判前の期間と裁判中の期間を含む,カナダの大手医療センター19か所のデータを分析した.
- 医者のアンケートでは,アフェレス活動における認識された変化と理由が評価されました.
主要な成果:
- 3つのRCTすべては,アフェレスの使用の有意な増加を示しました.
- この増加した使用のほとんどは,正式な試験プロトコル以外で発生しました (増加の61-72%).
- 医者は,この急増を"ジャンプ・ザ・ガン"現象に起因し,治療の早期採用を示している.
結論:
- アフェレス療法のためのRCTの開始は,主に試験の外での使用の大幅な増加と関連しています.
- "ジャンプ・ザ・ピストル"は,有効性が確立されていない場合でも,RCTの間,ラベルの外での使用の増加の観測された傾向を記述しています.
- この振る舞いは,臨床実務や試験設計において注意を要する.
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