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Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Solubility03:00

Solubility

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Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules,...
16.9K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

1.8K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Surface Active Agents01:27

Surface Active Agents

158
Surfactants, named for their behavior at interfaces, positively adsorb at the interfaces of two phases, reducing interfacial tension. Their versatility as emulsifiers, detergents, and foaming agents stems from this ability. Surfactants, often termed amphiphiles, share the property of amphipathy, with molecules having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions. The hydrophilic part is called the head, and the hydrophobic part, including an elongated alkyl substituent, forms the tail.Surfactants...
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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes

Published on: December 24, 2014

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充電ポリマーによる潤滑

Uri Raviv1, Suzanne Giasson, Nir Kampf

  • 1Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

Nature
|September 12, 2003
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

充電されたポリマーブラシは,水性環境では優れた潤滑性を提供し,表面間の摩擦を大幅に軽減します. この発見は,人工インプラントと生物学的潤滑の理解に影響を及ぼします.

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科学分野:

  • 表面科学とは,地表科学である.
  • トリボロジ トリボロジ トリボロジ トリボロジ
  • ポリマー科学は,ポリマー科学である.

背景:

  • 液体の表面間の長距離力が,コロイドの安定性から生物潤滑性までの現象に影響します.
  • 柔軟なポリマー (ステリック因子) と表面電荷は,これらの力を変化させることができます.
  • 中性ポリマーブラシは摩擦を軽減し,水素イオンは充電された表面を潤滑します.

研究 の 目的:

  • ポリマーブラシ (ポリエレクトロライト) の水性媒体での潤滑性能を調査する.
  • 摩擦軽減のためのポリエレクトロライトブラシの有効性を他のポリマー表面活性剤と比較するために.

主な方法:

  • ポリエレクトロライトブラシを表面に固定する.
  • 水中の摩擦面間の摩擦係数を測定する. 異なる圧力と低滑り速度下での水中の摩擦面間の摩擦係数.

主要な成果:

  • ポリエレクトロライトブラシは,他のポリマー表面活性剤と比較して優れた潤滑性を示しました.
  • 効果的摩擦係数は0.0006-0.001まで低かった.
  • 効果的な潤滑は,数大気圧までの圧力で観察されました.

結論:

  • 特殊な潤滑は,コンテリオンで膨らんだブラシの相互浸透に対する抵抗と水分層の流動性によるものである.
  • 発見は,人工インプラントのための潤滑された表面の設計における潜在的な応用を示唆しています.
  • この研究は,生物系における摩擦過程の理解を深める.