幼児喘息の流行と重症度の最近の傾向
M Weitzman1, S L Gortmaker, A M Sobol
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester (NY), School of Medicine and Dentistry.
JAMA
|November 18, 1992
まとめ
小児性喘息の罹患率は,1981年から1988年にかけて,主に白人の子どもで著しく増加しました. しかし,この期間に喘息の重度や機能的影響は悪化しなかった.
科学分野:
- 小児の健康に関する小児保健
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 幼児期の喘息は,公衆衛生上の重要な懸念事項である.
- 流行と影響の傾向を理解することは,効果的な介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 1981年から1988年の間における小児性喘息の罹患率と分布の変化を分析する.
- 幼児期の喘息と,この期間の子どもの健康と機能の関係について調査する.
主な方法:
- 児童保健サプリメントから全国保健インタビュー調査へのデータの分析.
- 1981年と1988年に0歳から17歳までの子供たちの全国的に代表的なランダムサンプルを使用した.
主要な成果:
- 幼児における喘息の罹患率は,1981年の3.1%から1988年の4.3%に上昇した (P < .0001).
- この増加は白人の子供に見られ,黒人の子供では安定した傾向がみられたが,全体的に高い.
- 1988年の喘息の子どもたちは,1981年と比較して,健康状態が改善され,入院,入院日数,欠席した学校日数が減少した.
結論:
- 小児性喘息の罹患率は,1981年から1988年の間にほぼ40%増加し,これは白人子どものみであった.
- この期間中に喘息児の喘息の重度または機能的な影響の増加を裏付ける証拠はありません.
- この発見は,黒人子供における喘息の流行の増加と米国における重症度の悪化に関する信念に異議を唱えている.
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