タバコ依存症とニコチンパッチ. 効果的な使用のための臨床ガイドライン
M C Fiore1, D E Jorenby, T B Baker
1Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53706.
JAMA
|November 18, 1992
まとめ
皮膚経由のニコチンパッチは,効果的に禁煙を支援し,プラセボと比較して禁煙率が2倍になりました. 成功はカウンセリングによって強化され,ほとんどのタバコ使用者にとって6~8週間の治療が潜在的に十分である.
科学分野:
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
- 依存症医学 薬物中毒医学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- タバコ依存症は,公衆衛生上の重要な問題である.
- ニコチン置換療法 (NRT) は,広く使用されている禁煙補助薬です.
- 皮膚経由のニコチンパッチは,燃焼製品なしでニコチンを投与する方法を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- タバコ依存症に対する皮膚経由のニコチン治療を全面的に検討する.
- 既存の研究文献から勧告を導き出す.
- ニコチンパッチ療法の有効性と影響要因を評価する.
主な方法:
- 英語での臨床試験の体系的レビュー.
- プラセボ対照のダブルブラインド研究 (11研究) を含む.
- 少なくとも6ヶ月のフォローアップと喫煙者の状態の生化学的検証を伴う試験に焦点を当てます.
主要な成果:
- ニコチンパッチは,治療終了後に18~77%の治療停止率をもたらし,プラセボの約2倍でした.
- 6ヶ月の禁欲率は,ニコチンパッチの22~42%で,プラセボの5~28%でした.
- パッチは食欲やネガティブな気分を減らすが,飢えや体重増加はしない;補助的なカウンセリングが不可欠である.
結論:
- 皮膚経由のニコチンパッチは,たばこ依存症の治療に有効です.
- 成功率は非常に変動し,カウンセリングの強度によって影響を受けます.
- 治療の最適な持続時間,投与量,および個別化に関するさらなる研究が必要である.
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