myoDの系統特異的な発現を制御する規制要素
D J Goldhamer1, A Faerman, M Shani
1Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 4, 1992
まとめ
ミオゲン決定遺伝子 (myoD) を調査した科学者は,ディスタルエンハンスナーを発見した. この増強剤は,プロモーターとともに,マウスの胚における骨格筋の系統を特異的に指向し,発達調節機構を明らかにする.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 骨格筋の系統の決定は,発達にとって極めて重要です.
- ミオゲン決定遺伝子であるmyoDは,筋肉形成において重要な役割を果たします.
- myoDの調節を理解することは,筋肉の発達を解読するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 骨格筋の系統決定の分子基礎を調査する.
- myoD遺伝子を調節するDNA制御要素を特定し,分析する.
- 発達中のmyoD発現を制御する規制メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 人間のmyoD遺伝子のディスタルエンハンサーとプロモーターを含むDNA制御要素の分析.
- 増強剤とプロモーターの活性を様々なミオゲン系と非ミオゲン系の細胞系でテストする.
- トランスジェニックマウス胚を用いて,ミオD要素によって導かれたインビボの遺伝子発現パターンを評価する.
主要な成果:
- ヒトのmyoD遺伝子発現を正面に調節するディスタルエンハンサーが特定されました.
- myoDエンハンサーとプロモーターの両方が,複数の細胞系で活性を示した.
- トランスジェニックマウス胚では,結合強化剤とプロモーターは,特に骨格筋系に lacZ トランスゲン発現を誘導した.
結論:
- myoDの開発規制には,その制御要素のアクセシビリティを制限するメカニズムが含まれています.
- 陽性トランス作用因子は,骨格筋の発達中のmyoDの調節に作用する可能性があります.
- これらの発見は,系統決定中に遺伝子発現の正確な制御に関する洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
02:36RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
02:33Combinatorial Gene Control
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
02:23Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
02:23Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...