低親和性NGF受容体p75をコードする遺伝子の標的型変異は,外周感覚神経系の欠陥につながる
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Massachusetts 02142.
Cell
|May 29, 1992
まとめ
低親和性NGF受容体p75ニューロトロフィン受容体 (p75NGFR) が欠けているマウスは,感覚神経繊維の減少を示し,熱感の喪失と潰瘍を引き起こしました. p75NGFRを復元することで,これらの感覚的欠陥を回復させました.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
背景:
- 低親和性ニューロトロフィン受容体であるp75ニューロトロフィン受容体 (p75NGFR) は,神経細胞の発達と機能に関与しています.
- 感覚神経細胞の発達と維持におけるその正確な役割は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- マウスモデルを使用して,感覚神経細胞の発達と機能におけるp75NGFRの機能を調査する.
- 感覚内置,熱感,皮膚の整合性に対するp75NGFR欠乏の影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- p75NGFR.をコードする遺伝子の標的型変異を持つマウスの世代.
- ミュータント・マウスと野生型のマウスの感覚および交感内動の免疫ヒストキミカル分析.
- 熱感度の評価と,遠端の皮膚の整体性の観察.
- ヒトのp75NGFRトランスゲンを導入することによって,突然変異を補完する.
主要な成果:
- p75NGFR変異に同位体を持つマウスは,足の皮の感覚内置が著しく低下し,カルシトニン遺伝子に関連するペプチドおよび物質P免疫反応性繊維の減少が特徴でした.
- この欠陥内置は,熱感の喪失と,遠端の皮膚潰瘍の発達と相関しており,細菌感染症によって複雑化しています.
- 人間のp75NGFRトランスゲンの導入により,熱感が回復し,潰瘍の形成が防止され,感覚内膜密度が回復しました.
- 交感性ギャングリアのサイズや虹膜や唾液腺における交感性内置の密度において,有意な変化は観察されなかった.
結論:
- p75ニューロトロフィン受容体 (p75NGFR) は,感覚ニューロン内置の発達と維持に重要な役割を果たします.
- p75NGFRの欠乏は,熱感の低下や皮膚潰瘍への感受性など,感覚的欠陥につながる.
- p75NGFRをターゲットにすることで,感覚神経病変を含む疾患の治療の可能性が生まれます.
さらに関連する動画
08:57Identifying, Diagnosing, and Grading Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models
Published on: May 17, 2024
07:11Examination of Anatomical Features of Retinal Ganglion Cells Under N-methyl-D-aspartic Acid (NMDA)-induced Excitotoxicity
Published on: September 19, 2025
関連する概念動画
Enzyme-linked Receptors
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Pleiotropy
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Alternative RNA Splicing
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Notch Signaling Pathway
The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
