関連する実験動画
Updated: Aug 3, 2026

07:36
Preparation of a High-quality Primary Cell Culture from Fish Pituitaries
Published on: August 28, 2018
成長ホルモンを放出する因子の受容体のピット-1依存的発現は,下垂体細胞の成長を媒介する
1Eukaryotic Regulatory Biology Program, University of California, San Diego.
Nature
|December 24, 1992
まとめ
Pit-1の変異は,矮小のマウスの下垂体細胞の発達を阻害する. この研究は, pituitary 細胞の成長に不可欠な成長ホルモン放出因子 (GRF) 受容体を特定し,その欠如を Pit-1 欠乏症と関連付けています.
科学分野:
- エンドクリノロジー エンドクリノロジー
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- Pit-1は,下垂体細胞発育に不可欠な転写因子です.
- Pit-1の変異は,ソマトトロフ細胞,ラクトトロフ細胞,チロトロフ細胞が欠けていたため,マウスの小人症を引き起こします.
- 成長ホルモン放出因子 (GRF) は,循環型AMP経由で前体培養細胞の増殖を刺激する.
研究 の 目的:
- GRFシグナル伝達に関与する新しいGタンパク質結合受容体をクローンし,特徴づけること.
- pituitary 発育におけるこの受容体の役割と,Pit-1 との関係について調べる.
主な方法:
- ネズミとネズミからの新しい下垂体受容体のための補完的なDNAのクローニング.
- 成長ホルモンの遺伝子発現に関連した受容体発現パターンの分析.
- 正常マウスと矮小マウスにおける受容体発現の比較 (dw/dw).
主要な成果:
- GRF誘発のcAMP増加と遺伝子転写を媒介する新しい下垂体特異のGタンパク質結合受容体を特定し,クローンしました.
- 受容体は,成長ホルモンの遺伝子発現に匹敵する空間的および時間的発現を示します.
- このGRF受容体は,dw/dwマウスには存在せず,Pit-1欠乏症と相関しています.
結論:
- 矮小型のマウスの機能的なPit-1の欠如は,部分的にGRF受容体の欠如のために,下垂体低増殖につながります.
- この新しいGRF受容体は,下垂体発育と成長ホルモンの調節に不可欠です.
- この発見は,Pit-1欠乏矮星現象の基礎となる重要な分子機構を明らかにしている.
関連する概念動画
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Target Cell Response to Hormones
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
Regulation of Hormone Secretion
Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral stimuli,...
Humoral stimuli,...
Hormones of the Pituitary Gland
The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...

