ワクチンおよびカウポックスのウイルスは,新しい分泌されたインタールイキン-1結合タンパク質をコードします
M K Spriggs1, D E Hruby, C R Maliszewski
1Department of Molecular Biology, Immunex Research and Development Corporation Seattle, Washington 98101.
Cell
|October 2, 1992
まとめ
バクシニアウイルスは,インタールイキン-1βを結合し,リンパ球の増殖を抑制し,潜在的に毒性を引き起こすタンパク質を生成します. このウイルスの遺伝子を破壊すると,これらの効果は減少します.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- ワクチンウイルス (VV) を含むポックスウイルスは,宿主の免疫反応を調節するタンパク質をコードします.
- インターリューキン-1β (IL-1β) は,炎症と免疫細胞の活性化における重要なサイトカインです.
研究 の 目的:
- マウリンIL-1β (mIL-1β) に結合するワクチンウイルスタンパク質を特定し,特徴づけること.
- このウイルス性IL-1β結合タンパク質がウイルス性および免疫調節における役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- IL-1β結合のためのウイルスのオープンリーディングフレーム (ORF) の表現と特徴付け.
- 破壊されたIL-1β結合タンパク質遺伝子 (vB15RKO) を有する再結合ワクチンウイルスの構築と分析.
- IL-1β結合,リンパ球増殖の抑制,マウスにおける毒性の評価に関するアッセイ.
主要な成果:
- VVに感染した細胞からの33 kDaのタンパク質と,IL-1受容体と同型のVVORFが特定され,特にmIL-1βに結合する.
- 牛ウイルスからの同様のORFは,mIL-1 beta. にも結合した.
- vB15RKOにおけるVV ORFの破壊は,上位生物のIL-1β結合タンパク質を排除した.
- VVに感染した細胞からのスーパーナタントは,IL-1誘発のリンパ球増殖を抑制したが,vB15RKOに感染した細胞からのスーパーナタントは,そうしなかった.
- 破壊されたORF (vB15RKO) は,VVウイルス性における役割を示唆しています.
結論:
- Vacciniaウイルスは,ホストの免疫反応を妨害するIL-1β結合タンパク質をコードします.
- このウイルスのタンパク質は,ポックスウイルス感染症の病原性および毒性において重要な役割を果たす可能性があります.
- これらのウイルス性免疫調節体の理解は,ポックスウイルスと宿主の相互作用を理解するために重要です.
関連する概念動画
00:57Viral Recombination
22.3K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
22.3K
02:28Leaky Scanning
4.5K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
4.5K
01:20The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
10.2K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
10.2K
01:31Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules
3.3K
Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
3.3K
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
2.4K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
2.4K
01:30Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis
73
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
73