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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

07:51
Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
Published on: May 21, 2015
幼児期のアレルギー疾患の発症に対するアレルゲン回避の効果
S H Arshad1, S Matthews, C Gant
1Clinical Allergy Research Unit, St Mary's Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 20, 1992
まとめ
高リスクの乳児の早期アレルゲン回避は,アレルギー疾患を大幅に減少させた. この予防的アプローチにより,12ヶ月の年齢までに喘息と湿疹の発生率が低下しました.
科学分野:
- 小児アレルギー・免疫学
- 予防医学は,予防的な医療です.
- クリニック・リサーチ 臨床研究
背景:
- アレルギー疾患は,公衆衛生上の懸念が高まっています.
- 早期のアレルゲンへの曝露は,アレルギー疾患の発症の疑わしい要因です.
- 高リスクの乳児に対する保護戦略を特定することは極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 幼児期に食物と吸入されたアレルゲンを避ける事が,高リスクの幼児におけるアレルギー障害を予防するかどうかを調査する.
- アトピー発症に対する予防的介入の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 120人の高リスクの乳児 (高IgE,アトピー家族歴) を対象とした妊娠前のランダム化対照試験.
- 予防グループ:母が授乳中にアレルゲン (ミルク,卵,魚,ナッツ) を避ける,乳児の食事制限,環境アレルゲン制御 (アカリシド治療).
- コントロールグループ:母親と乳児の食事制限なし,環境コントロールなし. アレルゲンレベル (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) がモニターされている.
主要な成果:
- 予防群では13%,対照群では40%でアレルギー疾患が発症した (オッズ比6.34).
- 喘息 (1.1-15.5) と湿疹 (1.0-12.5) の有意に低い罹患率は,予防療法を受けたグループで観察されました.
- 親の喫煙は,アレルギーを発症させる重要な危険因子として浮上した.
結論:
- 幼児期に食物や吸入アレルゲンを予防的に避けることは,高リスクの幼児におけるアレルギー障害の予防に効果的です.
- 食事の変更と環境アレルゲン制御は,アトピー疾患の発生率を大幅に減らすことができます.
- 親の禁煙は,アレルギーの予防戦略に考慮されるべきです.
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