ATPは哺乳類のニューロンにおける高速なシナプス伝達を媒介する
R J Evans1, V Derkach, A Surprenant
1Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.
Nature
|June 11, 1992
まとめ
アデノシントリフォスファート (ATP) は,快速刺激性神経伝達物質として,心性ギャングリオンに作用する. 研究者は,他の神経伝達物質とは異なるシナプス潜在力と電流に対するATPの影響を観察することによって,ATPの役割を確認しました.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 神経伝達神経伝達
背景:
- アデノシン三リン酸 (ATP) は細胞内機能が知られているが,細胞表面受容体とも相互作用する.
- P2X-purinoceptorsは,リガンドゲートされたカチオンチャネルとして機能することを提案された細胞表面受容体です.
- P2X受容体は様々なニューロンに存在し,ATPが高速刺激性神経伝達物質としての潜在的な役割を示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 培養されたセリアック・ギャングリオンニューロンにおける神経ニューロンシナプスにおける神経伝達物質としてのATPの役割を調査する.
- この特定の神経経路でATPが内生神経伝達を模倣するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 培養されたセリアックギャングリオンニューロンからの刺激性シナプスポテンシャルと電流を記録した.
- ATPを投与し,シナプス活性に対する効果を観察した.
- 特定のアンタゴニスト (スラミン) とアゴニスト (アルファ,β-メチレン-ATP) を利用して,関連する受容体を特徴付けました.
- 他の神経伝達物質受容体 (ニコチン,セロトニン,グルタマタージック,GABAergic,アドレネルジック,アデノニナージック) に対するアンタゴニストの効果をテストしました.
主要な成果:
- ATPの適用は,観察された刺激性シナプスポテンシャルと電流を模倣した.
- ATPの作用は,P2-purinoceptorの抗体であるスラミンによって阻害された.
- P2X受容体アゴニストとして知られているアルファ,β-メチレン-ATPで無感化が観察されました.
- 他の主要な神経伝達物質受容体のアンタゴニストはシナプス活性に影響を与えず,その関与を排除した.
結論:
- ATPは,研究された神経ニューロンシナプスにおける内生性神経伝達物質として機能する.
- この発見は,自律性ガングリアにおける純粋性神経伝達に特異的な役割を果たしていることを示しています.
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