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統合失調症と都市生活
G Lewis1, A David, S Andréasson
1Section of Epidemiology and General Practice, Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 18, 1992
まとめ
都市で育つと統合失調症のリスクは1.65倍に増加し",地理的漂移"理論に異議を唱える. 都市部における環境要因は,統合失調症の発生率の上昇に寄与している可能性が高い.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 精神科医は精神病を患っている.
- 環境衛生 環境衛生 環境衛生
背景:
- 統合失調症の罹患率と入院率は,都市部では農村部と比較して高い.
- "地理的漂流"仮説は,統合失調症の個人が病気のために都市に移住することを示唆しているが,これはほとんど検証されていないままである.
研究 の 目的:
- 個人の育った場所と統合失調症の発生率との関連を調査する.
- 他の既知の危険因子とは関係なく,都市での育ちが統合失調症のリスクを独立して増加させるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- スウェーデンの男性徴兵49,191人の大きなコホートから得られたデータを利用した.
- 統合失調症の診断を追跡するために,スウェーデン国立精神科医療登録簿と徴用兵のデータをリンクした.
- 育った場所 (都市と農村) に基づいて統合失調症の発生率を評価するために統計分析を使用しました.
主要な成果:
- 都市部で育った男性は,田舎で育った男性 (95%CI 1.19-2.28) と比較すると,統合失調症の発生率が1.65倍高かった.
- この関連性は,大麻使用,親の離婚,家族の精神病歴などの潜在的な混同要因を調整した後でも,依然として重要でした.
結論:
- この研究結果は,自己選択 (地理的漂移) よりも,都市部で流行している環境要因が統合失調症のリスク増加に寄与していることを示唆している.
- 都市における不確定な環境曝露は,統合失調症を発症させる重要な危険因子として関与しています.
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