症状のないアルコールを乱用する人の間での術後の発病率
H Tønnesen1, K R Petersen, L Højgaard
1Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 8, 1992
まとめ
過剰なアルコール摂取は,手術後の合併症と手術を受ける患者の入院期間を大幅に増加させます. このリスクは,下臨床的な心臓問題,免疫力の低下,アルコール使用障害のある人の血液凝固障害に関連しています.
科学分野:
- 外科手術の結果について
- アルコール関連の健康問題
- 心血管生理学 心血管の生理学
背景:
- 以前の研究では,アルコールを乱用する人の手術後の死亡率が高いことが示されています.
- 術前アルコールの摂取に伴う正確なリスクについては,さらなる調査が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 日々のアルコールの摂取に関連する外科的リスクを将来的に評価する.
- アルコール使用と術後の合併症を結びつける生理学的メカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- 前向きの研究では,15人のアルコールの乱用者 (≥60g/日) と,大腸直腸手術を受けた15人の対照者 (<25g/日) を比較した.
- 術後の合併症,入院,左心室放出分数,遅延過敏症,出血時間,およびストレスホルモンレベルを評価した.
主要な成果:
- アルコール乱用者は,かなり多くの合併症 (67%対20%) とより長い入院期間 (20対12日) を経験しました.
- 術前の発見には,左心室のエジェクション分子が減少し,遅延過敏反応が小さくなり,アルコールグループでは出血時間が長くなりました.
- 高い外科的ストレス反応 (コルチゾール,カテキオラミン) は,アルコールを乱用した患者で観察されました.
結論:
- 症状のないアルコールの乱用者は,手術後の罹病率の増加に直面します.
- そのメカニズムは,サブクリニック性心不全,免疫抑制,および血液静止障害を含む可能性が高い.
- 術前アルコールの摂取は,重大で過小評価されている外科手術のリスク因子です.
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