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関連する概念動画

Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
Translation in Prokaryotes01:29

Translation in Prokaryotes

Prokaryote translation is a complex, highly coordinated process that converts genetic information from mRNA into functional proteins. It involves three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each facilitated by specific molecular components.Initiation of TranslationThe process begins with the assembly of the ribosomal subunits and initiation factors on the mRNA. In bacteria, the 30S ribosomal subunit recognizes the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in the mRNA, a conserved region upstream of...

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Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays
14:06

Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays

Published on: November 12, 2012

E. coliにおける誤翻訳

P Edelmann, J Gallant

    Cell
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    まとめ
    この要約は機械生成です。

    バクテリアのフラゲリン誤翻訳は,35S-システインを組み込むことによって測定されました. ストレプトミシンなどの抗生物質は,この誤翻訳を増加させ,タンパク質合成の誤差を示した.

    さらに関連する動画

    Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems
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    Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems

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    Detection of Horizontal Gene Transfer Mediated by Natural Conjugative Plasmids in E. coli
    06:56

    Detection of Horizontal Gene Transfer Mediated by Natural Conjugative Plasmids in E. coli

    Published on: March 24, 2023

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: May 11, 2026

    Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays
    14:06

    Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays

    Published on: November 12, 2012

    Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems
    06:18

    Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems

    Published on: April 26, 2019

    Detection of Horizontal Gene Transfer Mediated by Natural Conjugative Plasmids in E. coli
    06:56

    Detection of Horizontal Gene Transfer Mediated by Natural Conjugative Plasmids in E. coli

    Published on: March 24, 2023

    科学分野:

    • 微生物学 微生物学とは
    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは

    背景:

    • バクテリアのフラゲラの重要な成分であるフラゲリンは,システインの残留物を自然に欠いている.
    • 誤翻訳,またはタンパク質合成の誤差は,in vivoで発生し,細胞機能に影響を与える可能性があります.
    • ストレプトミシンやネオミシンなどの抗生物質は,タンパク質合成のエラーをインビトロで誘発することが知られている.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 35S-システインがフラゲリンに組み込まれることを測定することによって,in vivo誤翻訳を定量化します.
    • ストレプトミシンとネオミシンがフラゲリン誤翻訳に及ぼす効果を調査する.
    • タンパク質合成中のコドン誤読の確率を決定する.

    主な方法:

    • バクテリア培養物からフラゲリンの浄化.
    • SDS-PAGEを使用してフラゲリンに35S-システインの組み込みの検出.
    • 正常状態と抗生物質治療の条件下での誤翻訳率の分析.
    • アルギニンコドン誤読とそのシステイン吸収への影響に関する調査.

    主要な成果:

    • 35S-システインの微量量は,通常の条件下でフラゲリンで検出されました (約. 6 X 10 (−4) ポリモールシステイン/ポリモールフラゲリン).
    • ストレプトミシンとネオミシンは,フラゲリンに35S-システインの組み込みを有意に増加させた.
    • アルギニンの飢餓は,relA-変異体におけるシステインの組み込みを悪化させ,アルギニンコドン (CGU/CGC) の誤読を示唆した.

    結論:

    • In vivoミストランスレーションは,ラベル付けされたアミノ酸をフラゲリンのようなシステインフリータンパク質に組み込むことによって正確に測定することができます.
    • ストレプトミシンとネオミシンは,アルギニンコドンの誤読によって,重大な誤翻訳を誘発する可能性があります.
    • コドンごとに推論された誤読確率は10〜4の範囲です.