閉経後のエストロゲン/乳がんの論争
1Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.
JAMA
|October 14, 1992
まとめ
閉経後のエストロゲンの使用は,全体的な乳がんリスクを増加させるようには見えません. 研究における不一致は,検出バイアスとエストロゲンの使用における国際的差異から生じる可能性があり,より新しいレジメントに関するさらなる研究が必要である.
科学分野:
- エンドクリノロジーと腫瘍学
- 生殖健康とがんの流行病学
背景:
- 閉経後のエストロゲン療法と乳がんリスクの関係については,依然として議論の対象となっている.
- 文献における矛盾する発見は,研究方法論と潜在的なバイアスの批判的評価を必要とする.
研究 の 目的:
- 閉経後のエストロゲン使用と乳がんリスクに関する既存の証拠を統合する.
- 研究結果における意見の相違の原因とその臨床的影響を特定する.
- リスク推定に対する検出バイアスの影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- MEDLINEの体系的な文献検索と,関連するメタ解析の文献誌のレビュー.
- 24のオリジナル記事と3つのメタ分析が含まれています.
- 検出バイアスを最小限に抑えるように設計された5つの研究の集中レビュー.
主要な成果:
- オリジナル記事では,保護効果から有害効果まで,変動するリスクの推定値が示されました.
- メタアナリシスは,エストロゲンを常に使用すると,乳がんのリスクが全体的に有意に上昇することを明らかにしなかった.
- 検出バイアスを制御する研究では,常用者のリスク推定値は1以下であり,他の使用カテゴリーでは一貫した効果はありません.
結論:
- 現在の証拠は,閉経後のエストロゲンを常に使用することと関連した乳がんの全体的なリスクの増加を支持していません.
- 観察された不一致は,エストロゲンの使用と乳がんの検出率の差異におけるクロスナショナル・バリエーションに起因する可能性があります.
- より新しいエストロゲンとプロゲスチン対抗療法に対するさらなる調査が推奨されています.
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