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Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
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歯類の致癌物質:優先順位を設定する

L S Gold1, T H Slone, B R Stern

  • 1Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, CA 94720.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 9, 1992
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

植物農薬を含む天然の食用化学物質は豊富で,発がん性試験において考慮されるべきである. 歯類の致癌性に対するヒトの暴露を比較すると,合成農薬の残留量は,この天然の背景に対して低い位置にあることが明らかになる.

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科学分野:

  • 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
  • 食品科学 食品科学について
  • リスク評価 リスク評価

背景:

  • 人間の食生活には,多くの天然化学物質 (例えば,植物殺虫剤,調理副産物) が含まれており,しばしば発がん性について検査されていません.
  • 食事によるリスクの包括的な見方は,これらの天然の化学薬品への曝露も含めることが必要である.

研究 の 目的:

  • さまざまな源からの歯類の発がん剤への日常的な曝露による潜在的な危険を比較する.
  • 合成農薬残留の相対的なリスクと,天然の食中の発癌物質の相対的なリスクを評価する.

主な方法:

  • ハザード・エクスポージャー・ライアント・ポテンツ (HERP) インデックスを利用して,ヒトの暴露レベルとライアントの発がん性ポテンツを関連付けました.
  • rodent carcinogensへの80日間の曝露を比較し,自然および合成農薬残留物に対する32日間の平均曝露を別々に比較した.

主要な成果:

  • 自然食中の発癌物質の高い背景と対比すると,合成農薬残留物と環境汚染物質は相対的な危険性が低いようです.
  • 同じような発見は,天然の殺虫剤と合成殺虫剤の残留物を食事で直接比較したところにも出た.

結論:

  • この研究は,低用量の合成化学物質への曝露は,自然発がん物質の有意な存在を考慮して,ヒトの癌リスクに対して,これまで考えられていたよりも,より有意な可能性があることを示唆しています.
  • 天然の食中の発癌物質は,ヒトの癌に大きく寄与するものとして示されていないが,その有病率は,合成化学物質のリスクの重要性が認識されていることに異議を唱えている.