エクストラセルラー・ポリサッカリドス・オブ・アゲ:生命を支えるシステムへの影響
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 7, 1964
まとめ
緑と青緑の藻類は174-557mg/Lの細胞外ポリサッカライドを生成する. 特定のモノサッカライドに富んだこれらの藻類ポリマーは,生命維持システムのリサイクル時間に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- フィコロジック・フィコロジー (Phycology) とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 藻類は,さまざまな代謝能力を有する光合成生物です.
- 細胞外ポリサッカリド (EPS) は,様々な藻類によって分泌されます.
- EPSの生産を理解することは,制御された環境でのアプリケーションにとって非常に重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 緑と青緑の藻類の8種の細胞外ポリサッカリドの産出量を定量化するために.
- 製造されたポリマーのモノサッカライド組成を特徴付けるために.
- 生命維持システムメディアのリサイクルに対するEPS生産の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 選択された8種の藻類の栽培を,制御された条件下で実施.
- 成長媒介における細胞外ポリサッカリド濃度の定量化.
- 単離されたポリマーのモノサッカライド分析は,クロマトグラフィック技術を用いて行われます.
主要な成果:
- 細胞外ポリサッカリドの産生量は,研究された種で1リットルあたり174〜557ミリグラムであった.
- 藻類ポリマーは主に4つのモノサッカライドから構成されていた:ヘキソス,ペントース,メチルペントース,尿酸.
- これらの光合成の最終製品の高収量が観察されました.
結論:
- 藻類の細胞外ポリサッカリドは,重要なバイオマス成分を表しています.
- モノサッカライドの特異的な組成は,多様な応用の可能性を示唆しています.
- 過剰なEPS生産は,閉ループ生命維持システムにおける栄養素のリサイクルを最適化するための考慮を必要とします.
関連する概念動画
01:23Dietary Connections
In biological systems, most metabolic pathways are interconnected. The cellular respiration processes that convert glucose to ATP—such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle—tie into those that break down other organic compounds. As a result, various foods—from apples to cheese to guacamole—end up as ATP. In addition to carbohydrates, food also contains proteins and lipids—such as cholesterol and fats. All of these organic compounds are used as energy sources to produce...
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in the...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in the...
01:10Sugars as Energy Storage Molecules
Sugar (a simple carbohydrate) metabolism (chemical reactions) is a classic example of the many cellular processes that use and produce energy. Living things consume sugar as a major energy source because sugar molecules have considerable energy stored within their bonds. Consumed carbohydrates have their origins in photosynthesizing organisms like plants. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide gas into sugar molecules, like glucose. Because this...
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in the...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in the...
01:10Sugars as Energy Storage Molecules
Sugar (a simple carbohydrate) metabolism (chemical reactions) is a classic example of the many cellular processes that use and produce energy. Living things consume sugar as a major energy source because sugar molecules have considerable energy stored within their bonds. Consumed carbohydrates have their origins in photosynthesizing organisms like plants. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide gas into sugar molecules, like glucose. Because this...
01:15Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements
Carbohydrates are predominantly obtained from plant sources. With the exception of lactose found in milk and insignificant glycogen amounts in meat, most consumed carbohydrates have plant origins. Monosaccharides and disaccharides, or sugars, can be sourced from fruits, honey, milk, sugar cane, and sugar beets. Grains and vegetables are rich in the polysaccharide starch. Two types of polysaccharides provide fiber: cellulose, which is abundant in many vegetables, forms undigestible roughage or...