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植物中毒に対する手頃な価格の抗毒素がないことによる死亡
Michael Eddleston1, Lalith Senarathna, Fahim Mohamed
1Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. eddlestonm@eureka.lk
Lancet (London, England)
|October 3, 2003
まとめ
抗ディゴキシン抗毒素の導入により,スリランカでのオレアンダー毒による死亡が著しく減少しました. その撤去は死亡者数を3倍に増加させ,開発途上国における安価な抗毒素へのアクセスを必要としていることを強調した.
科学分野:
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 薬学経済学 薬学経済学
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
背景:
- 開発途上国は,手頃な価格の抗毒剤と抗毒素の深刻な不足に直面しています.
- オレアンダー中毒は,特に効果的な治療へのアクセスが限られている地域では,深刻な健康問題です.
研究 の 目的:
- オレアンダー中毒による死亡率に対する抗ディゴキシン抗毒素の影響を評価する.
- スリランカにおける抗ディゴキシン抗毒素の費用対効果を決定する.
- 世界保健イニシアチブに,中毒と中毒治療の取り入れを提唱する.
主な方法:
- 抗毒素導入と撤廃前と後の症例死亡率の遡及的分析.
- 抗毒剤の価格と健康上の利点 (救われた命,得られた寿命) を比較する費用対効果分析.
主要な成果:
- 抗ディゴキシン抗毒素の導入により,死亡率が大幅に減少しました.
- 抗毒素の投与を中止すると,死亡率は3倍に増加しました.
- コースあたり2650米ドルで,節約した生涯あたりのコストは10,209米ドル,生涯あたりの年間コストは248米ドルでした.
- コースあたり400米ドルに価格を下げれば,生涯1人当たり1137米ドルにコストが下がる.
- コースあたり103米ドルに価格を下げれば,治療費が節約できる.
結論:
- 安価な抗ディゴキシン抗毒素は,オレアンダー毒性の管理と死亡率の低減に不可欠です.
- 開発途上国のアクセシビリティと費用対効果を改善するために,価格削減は不可欠です.
- 世界保健キャンペーンに,中毒と毒性の治療を安価に統合することが不可欠です.
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