イギリスでは,Brassica napusとB. rapaのハイブリッド化が全国規模で行われている
Mike J Wilkinson1, Luisa J Elliott, Joël Allainguillaume
1School of Plant Sciences, The University of Reading, RG6 6AS, UK. m.j.wilkinson@rdg.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 11, 2003
まとめ
遺伝子組み換え (GM) の作物から野生の親類への遺伝子フローを防ぐことは極めて重要です. この研究は,英国における年間ハイブリッド化イベントを定量化し,水辺の集団では3万2000種,雑草の集団では1万7000種を推定しています.
科学分野:
- 農業科学 農業科学とは
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 遺伝子組み換え (GM) の作物から野生の親類への遺伝子フローは,生物学的および環境的変化を引き起こす可能性があります.
- ハイブリダイゼーションを防止することは,これらのリスクを軽減するための鍵です.
- ハイブリッドの数を評価することは,制御措置の有効性を評価するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- イギリスにおけるラップシード (Brassica napus) とB. rapaのハイブリッド化に関する全国的な評価を行う.
- 形成されたハイブリッドの年間数を推定するために.
- ハイブリダイゼーションを排除する戦略の開発と,定量的なリスク評価のためのデータを提供する.
主な方法:
- 複数のデータソースを組み合わせた:人口調査,リモートセンシング,花粉の散布プロファイル,ハーバリウムデータ,植物学データベース.
- イギリス全土でBrassica napusとB. rapaのハイブリッド化に重点を置いた.
- 異なる集団タイプ (水辺と雑草) の推定年間ハイブリッド形成.
主要な成果:
- 英国全土の水辺のB. rapa集団で毎年約3万2000のハイブリッドが形成されていると推定されています.
- 毎年約1万7千種のハイブリッドが,より少ない雑草集団で形成されています.
- これらの数字は,リスク評価と管理戦略の定量的な基盤を提供します.
結論:
- この研究は,英国における遺伝子組み換えラップシードと野生の親戚とのハイブリッド化の規模を定量化しています.
- 発見は,ハイブリッド化排除戦略のための目標を設定します.
- これは,遺伝子組み換え作物の遺伝子フローに関する国家規模の定量的なリスク評価に向けた根本的な一歩を表しています.
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