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臓内の毛細血管 dendritic 細胞の位置は,プリオン神経侵入を制御する
Marco Prinz1, Mathias Heikenwalder, Tobias Junt
1Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
Nature
|October 17, 2003
まとめ
プリオン病は,周辺の感染症によって広がります. この研究は,神経の近くにある卵泡の dendritic 細胞 (FDCs) の位置がプリオン神経侵入速度を決定し,プリオン疾患の伝播に関する新しい洞察を提供することを明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 神経免疫学 神経免疫学とは
- プリオン生物学の学科
- 感染症の伝播 感染症の伝播
背景:
- 周辺プリオン感染は,リンパ性臓器の急速な複製,神経侵入,神経疾患につながる.
- 免疫系から神経系へのプリオン伝搬のメカニズムは不明である.
- 免疫細胞と神経の両方が,プリオン病の病原性において役割を果たします.
研究 の 目的:
- 免疫系から神経系へのプリオン伝搬のメカニズムを調査する.
- プリオン神経侵襲における毛細血管 dendritic 細胞 (FDCs) と神経の近接性の役割を明らかにする.
- プリオン病の蔓延を抑えるための潜在的な標的を特定する.
主な方法:
- マウスにおけるケモカイン受容体CXCR5の消去により,神経に対するFDCの位置が変化する.
- 野生型とCXCR5ノックアウトマウスの骨髄移植実験.
- プリオンを腹腔内経由で投与し,神経侵入速度を評価する.
- リンフォトキシンシグナル伝達抑制は,FDCの枯渇とその病原性への影響を研究するために.
主要な成果:
- 脊髄神経にFDCを並べたCXCR5の切除により,脊髄へのプリオン伝搬が加速される.
- 神経侵襲の速度は,FDCが神経に近付いていることと直接相関していた.
- 野生型のマウスにCXCR5-/-骨髄を移植することで,周神経FDCが誘発され,神経侵入が強化された.
- 骨髄の相互移植により,周辺神経FDCが廃止され,正常な神経侵入効率が回復しました.
- リンフォトキシンシグナリング抑制はFDCを枯渇させ,の感染性を廃止し,加速病原性を減少させた.
結論:
- プリオン神経免疫移行は,FDCと交感神経の間に起こります.
- FDCと神経の相対的な位置は,周辺プリオン感染の効率を制御する重要な要因です.
- FDC-神経の相互作用をターゲットにすることで,プリオン病の拡散を制御する戦略を提供することができる.
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