トロポスフィアのオゾンによる土壌の炭素形成の減少は,二酸化炭素のレベルが上昇したときに起こります
Wendy M Loya1, Kurt S Pregitzer, Noah J Karberg
1School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA. wmloya@mtu.edu
Nature
|October 17, 2003
まとめ
トロポスフィアのオゾン濃度の上昇は,二酸化炭素が増えた場合でも,土壌の炭素形成を大幅に減少させます. この発見は,変化する気候における森林の生産性と炭素循環の理解に影響を与える.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 森林生態学 森林生態学 森林生態学
- バイオジオケミストリー バイオジオケミストリー
背景:
- トロポスフィアのオゾン層は,北半球では過去"世紀で35%増加し,森林と農業の生産性に悪影響を及ぼしています.
- オゾン濃度の上昇は,土壌の炭素の量と質に影響することで,地上の炭素循環を変化させる可能性があります.
- 増加したオゾンが土壌の炭素形成と分解に及ぼす具体的な影響は,依然としてほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 土壌の炭素形成率に対する高濃度のオゾンによる影響を調査する.
- オゾンと二酸化炭素の上昇下での総和および腐敗抵抗性酸不溶性土壌炭素の形成を評価する.
主な方法:
- 実験用アスペン (Populus tremuloides) とミックスアスペン・バーク (Betula papyrifera) のスタンドが使用されました.
- 大気中のオゾンと二酸化炭素の濃度は50%上昇した.
- これらの条件下で,土壌の炭素形成率を測定した.
主要な成果:
- オゾン濃度の上昇と二酸化炭素濃度の上昇は,土壌全体の炭素形成率を50%低下させた.
- この条件下では,酸不溶性土壌炭素の形成率も50%減少した.
- これらの減少は,高濃度の二酸化炭素のみに曝されている森林と相対的であった.
結論:
- オゾン濃度の上昇は,高濃度の二酸化炭素下でも,土壌の炭素形成率を大幅に低下させる.
- これは,オゾン層の上昇が,地球規模で土壌の炭素吸収を減少させることを示唆している.
- 土壌の炭素形成の減少は,地球上の炭素循環と気候変動の緩和に重大な影響を及ぼします.
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