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感染症バイオ医療廃棄物の太陽光消毒:開発途上国の新しいアプローチ
V Chitnis1, S Chitnis, S Patil
1Department of Microbiology, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, India. vikrant_chitnis@hotmail.com
Lancet (London, England)
|October 25, 2003
まとめ
太陽熱は,開発途上国の感染症医療廃棄物の消毒のための低コストのソリューションを提供します. この方法は,有効なバクテリアを効果的に減少させ,高価な技術に対する有効な代替手段となります.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 感染症管理 感染症管理
背景:
- 伝染性の生物医学廃棄物の管理は,焼却などの従来の技術の高コストのために,開発途上国では重要な課題を提起しています.
- 資源が限られた環境では,医療廃棄物の安価でアクセシブルな消毒方法が不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 感染性医療廃棄物の消毒のための費用対効果の高い技術として太陽熱を評価する.
- シミュレートされたおよび実際の感染性廃棄物のバクテリア負荷を減らすための太陽熱の有効性を決定する.
主な方法:
- チャレンジバクテリアを含むシミュレートされた感染性廃棄物は,箱型の太陽炊飯器で6時間,太陽の熱にさらされた.
- 病院の焼却ユニットから高バクテリア負荷を持つ実際の感染症医療廃棄物は,太陽熱消毒の対象とされました.
- ログ削減を決定するために,太陽光にさらされる前と後のバクテリアの生存能力を定量化しました.
主要な成果:
- 太陽熱による加熱により,シミュレートされた感染性廃棄物の生存可能な細菌の約7logの減少を達成しました.
- 高い細菌負荷を持つ実際の感染症医療廃棄物を消毒する際に,活性の高いバクテリアの同様の7ログ減少が観察されました.
結論:
- 太陽熱は,感染性医療廃棄物を消毒するための非常に効果的で安価な方法です.
- この技術は,経済的に発展途上国における医療廃棄物の管理に,持続可能で実用的な解決策を提供します.
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