目の動きによる方向の知覚
C S Royden1, M S Banks, J A Crowell
1School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
Nature
|December 10, 1992
まとめ
ナビゲーションに不可欠な正確な方向感知は,視覚的なヒントに依存しています. この研究は,人間が正確な方向判断のために,特に眼球の急速な動きの間に,目の位置に関する網膜外情報を必要としていることを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 視覚神経科学とは
- 人間の知覚 人間の知覚
- ナビゲーション ナビゲーション
背景:
- ヘッディングの知覚は,通常,自己運動中の網膜の運動フローの膨張の焦点によって決定されます.
- 頭と目の動きが起こると,網膜の運動パターンが放射線流動から逸脱し,方向の知覚を複雑にします.
- 方向感知のための既存のモデルには,網膜外と網膜画像ベースのアプローチが含まれています.
研究 の 目的:
- 目の動き中のヘッダの知覚における網膜外情報の役割を調査する.
- 方向判断には,より高い,より生態学的に重要な眼球運動速度で網膜外信号が必要かどうかをテストする.
主な方法:
- ヘッディングの知覚は,シミュレートされた目の動きとなしの翻訳をシミュレートする条件下で測定されました.
- この研究では,遅い眼球運動速度 (以前の研究と同様に) と,より高い,より典型的な速度でのパフォーマンスを比較しました.
- 観測者は,シミュレートされた地面平面上のポイントを追跡しながら方向を判断し,シミュレートされた目の動きで静止したポイントを固定する.
主要な成果:
- 非常にゆっくりとした眼の動きで同様のパフォーマンスを示す以前の発見が再現されました.
- より高い,より自然的な眼球運動速度では,網膜外情報なしで,方向感知の精度は著しく低下しました.
- 網膜外眼位置情報が利用可能な場合,パフォーマンスは著しく向上しました.
結論:
- 目の位置に関する網膜外情報は,目の動きを含む多くの現実世界での観察条件において,正確な方向感知に不可欠である.
- 以前の研究で用いられた非常に遅い目の動きの速度によって,網膜外情報が不要であることを示唆する以前の結論は制限されていたかもしれない.
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