ミトコンドリアの残留器官であるGiardiaの臓器は,鉄硫黄タンパク質の成熟に役立っています
Jorge Tovar1, Gloria León-Avila, Lidya B Sánchez
1School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK. j.tovar@rhul.ac.uk
Nature
|November 14, 2003
まとめ
腹の一般的な原因であるGiardia intestinalisは,ミトソームと呼ばれる機能的なミトコンドリアの残骸を持っています. これらの臓器細胞は,鉄硫黄タンパク質の成熟に不可欠であり,原始的な状態ではなく,還元的な進化を示しています.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 寄生虫学とは,寄生虫学である.
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- ジアルディア・インテスティナリス (Giardia intestinalis) は,世界的に顕著な下痢疾患を引き起こす広範囲に広がる原生動物の病原体です.
- ジアルディアを含むディプロモナドは,ミトコンドリアのような典型的な真核臓器細胞が欠如しているため,原始的と考えられていた.
- 最近の発見は,アミトコンドリアの状態は,原始的な祖先ではなく,還元的な進化の結果であることを示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- ミトコンドリア残留物の存在と機能をGiardia intestinalis.で調査する.
- ギアルディアのアミトコンドリア状態が原始的なのか,それとも進化的還元の結果なのかを判断する.
- 鉄硫黄クラスター生物合成に関与する特定の臓器細胞を特定する.
主な方法:
- in vitroタンパク質再構成アッセイを用いた.
- 鉄硫黄クラスター生物合成の鍵となるミトコンドリアタンパク質であるIscSとIscUを標的とした特定の抗体を採用した.
- 免疫光と電子顕微鏡を用いてGiardiaの細胞構造を調べました.
主要な成果:
- Giardia intestinalisには,ミトソームとして知られる二重膜の臓器細胞が宿っていることが示されました.
- これらのミトソームが機能し,鉄硫黄タンパク質の成熟に関与していることを確認しました.
- これらのミトソーム内のミトコンドリアマーカータンパク質 (IscSとIscU) の存在を証明した.
結論:
- ギアルディア・インテスティナリスは,原始的なアミトコンドリアではありません.
- この生物は,元のミトコンドリア内共生体の残骸である機能的なミトソームを有している.
- これらの発見は,真核生物におけるミトコンドリアの喪失は,しばしば還元的な進化の結果であるという仮説を支持する.
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