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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library
13:37

Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library

Published on: June 20, 2014

ヴィニラレンをアルキイラミンで分子間,マルコヴニコフ氏による水酸化アミネ化

Masaru Utsunomiya1, John F Hartwig

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520-8107, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 20, 2003
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,アルキイラミンによるヴィニラレンの新たなパラジウム触媒化水酸化を報告し,アリエチラミン産物を得ている. 機械学的研究により,エタ3-アリエチルパラジウムの中間物質の鍵が明らかになり,エナチオセレクティブ合成の可能性がありました.

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Peptide Bonds02:43

Peptide Bonds

A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
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Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview

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Acid Halides to Amides: Aminolysis

Aminolysis is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction, where ammonia or amines act as nucleophiles to give the substitution product. Acid halides react with ammonia, primary amines, and secondary amines to yield primary, secondary, and tertiary amides, respectively.
In the first step of the aminolysis mechanism, the amine attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acyl chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the second step, the carbonyl group is re-formed with the elimination of a chloride...
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Nitriles to Ketones: Grignard Reaction

Organomagnesium halides, commonly known as Grignard reagents, convert nitriles to ketones and proceed through a nucleophilic acyl substitution. Nitriles react with a Grignard reagent, followed by an aqueous acid, to yield ketones. The reaction introduces a new carbon–carbon bond. The alkyl–magnesium bond in the Grignard reagent is highly polar, so the alkyl carbon develops a carbanionic character and acts as a nucleophile.
The mechanism begins with a nucleophilic attack by the Grignard reagent...
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2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
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Amino Acid Catabolism

Microorganisms rely on proteins as an essential carbon and energy source, particularly in environments with limited polysaccharides or lipids. However, proteins are too large to cross the plasma membrane unaided, necessitating enzymatic degradation. Microbes secrete extracellular proteases and peptidases that hydrolyze proteins into peptides, which can then be transported across the membrane. Once inside the cell, intracellular proteases degrade these peptides into free amino acids, which...