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Derivation of Stem Cell Lines from Mouse Preimplantation Embryos
Published on: August 20, 2017
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胚性幹細胞から胚性生殖細胞と雄性ゲメットの導出
Niels Geijsen1, Melissa Horoschak, Kitai Kim
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
Nature
|December 12, 2003
まとめ
研究者らは,胚性幹細胞からマウスの卵子と精子細胞 (ゲメト) を in vitro で成功裏に導出しました. この画期的な発見は,生殖系統の発達とエピジェネティクスを研究するための新しいモデルを提供します.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
背景:
- 哺乳類のゲメットは,胚形成の初期に確立された原始的な生殖細胞から発生します.
- 原始的な生殖細胞は近隣のエピブラストから発達し,早期の血液系統にも貢献します.
- 胚性幹細胞は,初期胚性組織を模倣し,血液の発達をサポートし,胚性体をin vitroで形成する.
研究 の 目的:
- 胚性体が原始生殖細胞の形成と発達をサポートできるかどうかを調査する.
- 胚体から,継続的に成長する胚性生殖細胞系を確立する.
- ゲルムラインエピジェネティクスとゲメトゲネシスを研究するためのこのシステムの可能性を探求する.
主な方法:
- マウスの胚性幹細胞を in vitro で分化して胚体を形成する.
- 胚体から分離された原始生殖細胞.
- 培養され,派生した胚性生殖細胞を特徴付け,エピジェネティックマーカーとゲメットの可能性を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 胚体から原始生殖細胞を成功裏に分離した.
- 継続的に成長する胚性生殖細胞系を確立した.
- 胚性生殖細胞におけるメチル化印 (Igf2r,H19) の消去が実証され,生殖系統の特徴である.
- 胚形体が,原始生殖細胞の成熟を機能するハプロイドの雄性ゲメットにサポートすることを示した.
- これらの派生性ゲメットは,卵細胞注射時に二分化を再生し,芽細胞の発達をサポートできることを確認しました.
結論:
- 胚体の体は,胚性幹細胞から生殖細胞を生成するための有効なインビトロシステムを提供します.
- このシステムは,生殖系統の表遺伝的変異と哺乳類のゲメトゲネシスの研究を容易にする.
- 派生胚性生殖細胞は,主要な生殖系統の特徴と発達の可能性を示しています.
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