病原性微生物におけるフォスフォマイシン耐性のメカニズム的多様性
Kerry L Fillgrove1, Svetlana Pakhomova, Marcia E Newcomer
1Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 18, 2003
まとめ
新しく発見された酵素群であるFosXは,水添加を触媒化することによって,抗生物質フォスフォマイシンに微生物の耐性を授与する. Listeria monocytogenes FosX酵素は,より効率が悪いMesorhizobium lotiの変種とは異なり,強力な耐性を提供しています.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 酵素学 酵素学とは
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
背景:
- フォスフォマイシンに対する微生物耐性は,主にFosAとFosBのチオールトランスファーゼ酵素によって媒介されます.
- FosXと呼ばれる新しい酵素群が,微生物ゲノムデータベースの分析によって特定されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 新しく特定されたFosX酵素ファミリーの特徴と,フォスフォマイシン耐性におけるその役割について.
- FosX活動の触媒機構と構造的基礎を解明する.
主な方法:
- Mesorhizobium lotiとListeria monocytogenesからFosX酵素をコードする遺伝子のクローン化と発現.
- 触媒効率と基板特異性を決定する生化学的測定法.
- M. loti FosX.の結晶構造の決定
- サイト・ディレクテッド・ミュータジェネシスと運動分析.
主要な成果:
- FosX酵素は,Mn (II) に依存した水の添加をフォスフォマイシンに触媒化する.
- Listeria monocytogenes FosXは,M. loti FosXと比較して,E. coliに著しく高い耐性を与えています.
- M. loti FosXの結晶構造は,水添加に不可欠な触媒性グルタミン酸残留物 (E44) を明らかにしています.
- M. loti FosXは乱交性を示し,また,フォスフォマイシンへのグルタチオンの添加を触媒化する.
結論:
- FosXは,フォスフォマイシン耐性酵素の新種を表しています.
- 触媒メカニズムは,E44による一般的な塩基触媒を含み,直接の水添加を促進します.
- FosX酵素の効率の変動は,フォスフォマイシン耐性に対する進化的経路を示唆しています.
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